Unit 1: Imaging the Filipino Man  Patriarchy o Has institutionalized masculinity as the bedrock structure that defines power, language & perception o According to feminists, patriarchy acts as the mode of culture which dominates and denigrates women o Basing from psychology’s definition, patriarchy creates caricatures which are damaging to both men (perennial conquerors) & women (perpetually conquered)  The selections clustered under this theme situate the multifarious domains the Filipino man occupies Mill of the Gods‖ – Estrella Alfon  Radical depiction of the Filipino man as an ignoble father and husband  Foregrounds the plenitude of literature in exploring how culture and politics emblematize the patriarchal figure  Patriarchy (theme) - Pio as the antagonistic husband, father and womanizer - The man who left Martha for another woman - The doctor who had a wife and secretly had an affair with Martha  Images/Symbols - Pigtails: youth - Knife/Gun: power, violence, bloodshed - Window: freedom or lack thereof - Flowers: beauty, gentleness, admiration or death - Darkness: evil, ignorance, danger - Saliva: disgust, hatred - Mill of the Gods: retribution or punishment (slow but certain) - Crucifix: justice  Figurative Speech o Simile:  “…life must seem like a road given us to travel…”  “…life seems like an old-fashioned melodrama…” o Hyperbole: ▪ “…both of them struggled and panted and had almost no breath left for words.” o Irony: “Even in play, there was some part of her that never managed to take too great a part “she was so content if they always made her” “it’‖ in a game of tag, if only they would let her play… if only they would only include her in the fascinating games she could not play alone.”