Arch Virol (1993) 131:265-275
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Vi rology
© Springer-Verlag I993
Printed in Austria
A low oneogenic variant of friend murine leukemia virus
with strong immunosuppressive properties
Arild Faxvaag ~, H. Y. Dai 2, H. Aarseth 3, and A. B. Dalen 4
1 Institute of Cancer Research, University of Trondheim,
2Unigen, University of Trondheim, Medisinsk Teknisk Senter, Trondheim,
3Department of Pathology, Trondheim Regional Hospital, Trondheim
4Department of Microbiology, Trondheim Regional Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Accepted February 25, 1993
Summary. Friend leukemia complex (FLC) is known to induce immunosuppres-
sion but the use of FLC in studies of immune cells function is disadvantageous
since the immunosuppression always is accompanied by an acute erythroleu-
kemia. To obtain immunosuppressive variants of FLC with reduced leuke-
mogenic potential, we isolated T-helper cells from FLC infected mice, and passed
lysates of the cells to recipient uninfected mice. A group of these mice developed
a condition distinct from the disease induced by FLC. A viral stock prepared
from these mice, designated Fd-MIV for friend derived murine immunodefiency
virus, induced a profound suppression of the primary antibody response without
acute transformation in adult NMRI mice. Terminally a wasting disease with
weight loss, atrophy of the thymus and lymph nodes and renal disease was
observed in some mice. Analysis of viral DNA and RNA from infected NIH
3T3 cells showed that Fd-MIV contained at least two viral components, a 8.4 kb
friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) and a 7.4 kb mink cell focus (MCF)
/ xenotropic virus related genome. The 7.4 kb genome was not detected in Fd-
MIV infected, immunocompromised mice indicating that the 8.4 kb genome
might be responsible for the disease.
Introduction
Friend leukemia complex (FLC), which consists of a mixture of the defective
spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) and the helper virus, friend murine leukemia
virus (F-MuLV) [9, 24], induces acute erythroleukemia and immunosuppression
in susceptible mice. In FLC infected mice, the function of both lymphocytes
and monocytes is suppressed I-2, 8, 10--12, t4, 15], and due to these properties
FLC has been suggested as a murine model for AIDS [22]. However, the use