ecological engineering 35 ( 2 0 0 9 ) 829–835
available at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecoleng
A rapid assessment approach on soil seed banks of Atlantic
forest sites with different disturbance history in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil
André Lindner
Department of Systematic Botany, University of Leipzig, Institute for Biology I, Johannisallee 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
article info
Article history:
Received 20 July 2008
Received in revised form
2 December 2008
Accepted 7 December 2008
Keywords:
Soil seed bank
Forest disturbance
Fragmentation
Edge effect
Atlantic rainforest
abstract
This study represents a rapid assessment approach on the composition of soil seed banks
in the Atlantic rainforest in Brazil and therefore marks a tool for the fast estimation of
one important aspect of the regeneration ability of forest sites with different disturbance
histories.
The project was carried out in a private reserve in the state of Rio de Janeiro, where research
plots were established in three different forest sites: in continuous forest where selective
logging took place, in forest regrowth after complete cutdown about 60 years ago and in a
forest fragment. Additionally data from another forest remnant in this region were added
to compare especially the results concerning the influence of fragmentation processes on
soil seed bank structure.
With remarkably less sampling effort compared to germination experiments the siev-
ing method is resulting in a fast gain of information on this particular topic which still is
comparable to already published results.
Every investigation site in our study differs considerably in soil seed bank composition
concerning their disturbance history. Furthermore coherences between canopy structure
and the density of small-sized seeds in the soil, as well as edge effects within the forest
fragments were observed. We recognised a higher amount of small seeds under more open
canopy conditions in general and discovered trends of higher species richness near the
forest boundary in the forest fragments.
This rapid assessment approach might be an easy to handle tool and a practical alter-
native to more extensive germination experiments for upcoming investigations on the
regeneration capability in highly fragmented and disturbed landscapes like the Atlantic
rainforest.
© 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Soil seed banks are the last natural regeneration source in
isolated and highly fragmented areas. Today about 7% of the
Atlantic forests original extent still remains (Morellato and
Haddad, 2000; Galindo-Leal and de Gusmão Câmara, 2003;
E-mail address: alindner@uni-leipzig.de.
Tabarelli et al., 2005; INPE/Mata Atlântica, 2008). It is often
restricted to steep hill slopes or heavily fragmented forest
areas of varying size and intensity of isolation (Ranta et al.,
1998; Oliveira-Filho and Fontes, 2000). Over 99% of the 100,000
forest fragments in Rio de Janeiro State are smaller than
500 ha (Tabarelli and Peres, 2002). There are multiple causes
0925-8574/$ – see front matter © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.006