© SBE16-Cairo 2016
Technology Era City Models and Governance Urban Innovation
Al Gammal. M, Abdel Sabour. E.
Technology Era City Models and Governance Urban
Innovation
Integrated Planning
Al Gammal. M
1
, Abdel Sabour. E
1
.
1
Politecnico di Milan, Department of Architecture, Built Environment
and Construction Engineering, Via G. Ponzio 31, 20133 Milano
Edificio 15 - Campus Bonardi, Italy
e-mail: manar.elgammal@polimi.it
Abstract:
Urbanization and Globalization are two main factors that affected the Cities Future. Many cities
around the world witnessed urban transformation due to their shift towards technology and
knowledge-based economy. The concept of “growing” cities is based on implementing
integrative planning policies introduces different types of city models. These various models
offer a branding tool for cities of the digital age. Therefore, the paper is comparing between five
of the most popular models recommended for city transformation is the technology era, the
examined models through the study are the Knowledge City, Smart City, Capable city, Liveable
City and resilient city. Since the aim of such City standards is to provide sustainable
development is to increase life quality for the city residence.Therefore, to achieve such
sustainable development in the various city models, integrated planning is required, where it
demands Good Governance urban innovation and management. However, technology, social,
economic aspects are changing the traditional notion of Public and Private intervention and
service models. Therefore, Urban service standards, as an essential ingredient of integrative
planning implementation, obligating planners to consider not only the urban physical structures
of a city but also to make civil society as part of the city governance being more efficient and
effective. The paper aims to demonstrate the selected city models and the Governance
characteristics about the used management modes (3PPP & 4PPPP). Furthermore, the paper
will examine a comparative analysis methodology of the Five City’s models, considering their
major characteristics, development strategy, and governance mode. Concluding the Knowledge
City framework is introduced as a city model most appropriate for the Contemporary urban
transformation of cities of the current technology era.
KEYWORDS: Good Governance, Knowledge, Technology, Public/Private intervention, Frugal
Government, Urban Service Modes (3Ps/4Ps), City models.
1. INTRODUCTION
Urbanization is evolving rapidly but, this urbanization process is unfolding unevenly around the
globe. A rapid process of urbanization is taking place particularly in Asia, Africa and Latin
America (UN-reports 2011). Global population is moving to the urban area, creating pressure on
development path of cities. Indicators such as structural poverty, the rapid increase in energy
costs, depletion of non-renewable resources, global climatic changes, and high pollution growth
are signs of deteriorating built environment in cities. Since half, the world population is living in
an urban context and by the year 2050, seventy percent of the world inhabitants will be living in
cities with ever less capacity to adapt to systemic challenges. Urbanization is a wide-ranging
concept; it is the course of changes of people’s production models, living styles and values