Fisheries Research 94 (2008) 121–122
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Fisheries Research
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Editorial
Haddock conservation, harvesting and management
Haddock 2007: An International Symposium on Haddock Con-
servation, Harvesting and Management was held in Portsmouth,
New Hampshire, USA, on October 25–26, 2007. It was the first major
international conference specifically and exclusively on haddock,
Melanogrammus aeglefinus. This special issue resulted from that
symposium.
The symposium, hosted by the University of New Hampshire,
was organized by the following conveners who also acted as mem-
bers of the scientific steering committee and the local organizing
committee: Pingguo He (Institute for the Study of Earth Oceans
and Space, New Hampshire Sea Grant, University of New Hamp-
shire), Kenneth La Valley (Department of Zoology, New Hampshire
Sea Grant, University of New Hampshire), Laurinda Sousa Smith
(Northeast Consortium, University of New Hampshire), Michael
Pol (Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries), Laura Skrobe
(Rhode Island Sea Grant), Catherine Salerno (Gulf of Maine Research
Institute), Steve Cadrin (NOAA/University of Massachusetts CMER
Program), and Paul Winger (Fisheries and Marine Institute of
Memorial University of Newfoundland). Steve Cadrin, Tom Nies,
Paul Winger and Kenneth La Valley moderated sessions. Rachel
Feeney and David Chosid acted as rapporteurs. Ninety-seven peo-
ple, including 21 fishermen, from five countries on both sides of
the Atlantic attended the conference. The meeting was held at
the Sheraton Harborside Hotel, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The
symposium was financially supported by NOAA Fisheries, Mas-
sachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, the Northeast Consortium,
and New Hampshire and Rhode Island Sea Grant College programs.
Haddock is an important species for fishermen on both sides
of the North Atlantic. Peak harvest levels in the mid- to late-
1960s reached almost 1 million metric tons. The resource has since
declined in abundance due to increased fishing capacity in the
1970s and 1980s and our inability to predict stock abundance and
to manage the resource. While periodic episodes of high recruit-
ment have occurred at irregular intervals, we have seen a general
recovery since the turn of the century. In fact, the 2003-year class
of the Georges Bank haddock stock is believed to be the strongest
on record. Even though the species has been the subject of sci-
entific investigation for more than a century, many gaps in our
knowledge persist. One of the more challenging aspects is to under-
stand fish movement and behavior in their natural environment.
The second is to accurately predict their abundance and devise
strategies to efficiently manage the species while allowing for sus-
tainable harvesting. The third is the ability to harvest the species
without catching non-target species. The symposium dealt with all
of these identified aspects of haddock ecology to develop a bet-
ter understanding of the species and to further their sustainable
utilization. Specifically, the meeting covered the biology, behav-
ior, fisheries, management, fishing gears targeting haddock, fishing
gears which reduce non-target catch of haddock, selectivity, con-
servation, and harvesting strategies. In addition to the three invited
keynote speakers, the committee received 34 abstracts, allocating
22 for oral presentation and 12 for poster presentation.
Mr. Bob O’Boyle of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans of
Canada presented a keynote speech on the “Life and times of had-
dock in the North Atlantic”. Mr. O’Boyle reviewed haddock stocks
and haddock fisheries on both sides of the North Atlantic during the
last century as well as provided projections for the fisheries in the
near and medium future. Capt. Bill Lee, a fisherman from Rockport,
Massachusetts, gave a banquet keynote address on fishermen’s
involvement in fisheries research. By means of underwater video
footage he made while involved in cooperative research, he vividly
illustrated the knowledge, experience and capability of the fishing
industry in enhancing fishing gear research for bycatch reduction.
Dr. Clem Wardle, a world-renowned fisheries scientist and fish
behaviorist who retired from the Marine Laboratory in Aberdeen,
Scotland 8 years ago, gave an illuminating keynote speech review-
ing “Half a century of research on fish behavior near fishing
gears”. Dr. Wardle showed some of the earliest underwater films
and photographs by Lowestoft and Aberdeen scientists, collected
using the best technology available at the time. He stressed the
importance of understanding fish behavior for improving fishing
gear and stock assessment. Through his personal experiences, Dr.
Wardle illustrated several major breakthroughs in underwater
observations that furthered our understanding of fish behavior
near fishing gears.
The information provided by symposium presenters has con-
tributed to filling the knowledge gaps described above. In
particular, key concepts were identified including: recognizing
the persistence of high recruitment variability across the North
Atlantic; innovations and evolution of management strategies and
appropriate control of fishing effort; the use of advanced technol-
ogy including acoustics to understand fish behavior; and special
emphasis on the development of sustainable harvesting practices
through innovative gear design and fishing practice. This special
issue contains 10 papers. Two papers describe specific haddock
fisheries (Brodziak et al. and Newton et al.), one from each side
of the Atlantic. One paper evaluates management strategies (nee-
dle). Two papers describe harvesting strategies to improve yield
either through seasonal adjustment of harvesting (Ferro et al.) or
by optimization of the hauling process (Larsen and Rindahl). One
0165-7836/$ – see front matter © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2008.09.001