231 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
A. Capone, F. Poggi (eds.), Pragmatics and Law, Perspectives in Pragmatics,
Philosophy & Psychology 7, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-30385-7_11
Grice, the Law and the Linguistic Special Case
Thesis
Francesca Poggi
Abstract This paper aims to investigate the applicability of Grice’s theory of con-
versational implicatures to legal statutes and other general heteronomous legal acts
(while acts of private autonomy are excluded from the scope of the present investi-
gation). After a brief presentation of Grice’s theory Sect. 1 and an attempt to adapt
conversational maxims to normative discourse – which is assumed to be neither true
nor false Sect. 2 – I will survey one of the most convincing arguments against the
applicability of conversational maxims to the legal domain, the one based on the
(absence of a precise, real) legislative intention Sect. 3. I will argue that this argu-
ment is not decisive, but that, however, conversational maxims do not apply to
legislation: as a matter of fact, legal practice does not include Grice’s conversa-
tional maxims among its conventions Sect. 4. This inapplicability, which derives
from the very nature of the cooperative principles and the maxims, fits other pecu-
liarities of legal practice: perhaps the most relevant is what we may call the contex-
tual indeterminacy of legal discourse, a characteristic that is rigidly coupled to its
conflicting nature. I will claim that all these features explain why legislation and
other general heteronomous legal acts are not special cases of ordinary conversa-
tions Sect. 5.
Keywords Grice • Conversational implicatures • Legal interpretation • Context •
Indeterminacy
An earlier version of this paper was presented on March 30th 2015 at the Université Paris Ouest,
Nanterre La Défense. I thank all the participants, and, in particular, Pierre Brunet, Carlos Bernal
Pulido, and Alessio Sardo for their helpful comments and criticisms.
F. Poggi (*)
Department “Cesare Beccaria”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
e-mail: francesca.poggi@unimi.it