BEHAVIORALBIOLOGY 24, 457--466 (1978)
Effects of Dietary Methionine Supplementation on
Preferences for NaCI Solutions
FRANK A. CATALANOTTO ~
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of
Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06032
Preferences for eight concentrations of sodium chloride were measured in 10
control rats, 10 rats fed a diet supplemented with 2.5% methionine, and 10 rats fed
a diet supplemented with 2.5% methionine and 2% zinc sulfate. All rats received
the applicable diet for 21 days before testing was initiated with a 48-hr, two-bottle
preference paradigm. Results of the study indicated that rats supplemented with
methionine alone had significantly greater preferences for the salt solutions than
rats from either of the remaining groups. Dietary treatment did not affect total
volume intake (milliliters per gram body weight), Further analysis of the separate
water and sodium chloride solution volume intakes demonstrated that while all
groups consumed essentially equivalent amounts of water, the rats supplemented
with methionine alone consumed significantly increased amounts of the salt so-
lutions, thus manifesting an increased percentage preference. The results indicate
that methionine, a thiol-containing amino acid, can alter preferences for sodium
chloride solutions and that this effect can be reversed by zinc supplementation.
The etiology of this change in preference behavior may be related to either
decreased gustatory sensitivity (mediated by zinc depletion and/or thiol
supplementation) or to salt craving (mediated by kidney and/or adrenal dysfunc-
tion).
Previous studies have suggested an interaction among thiols (SH), trace
metals, and gustatory function (Catalanotto, 1978). This interaction is
presumably based upon an inhibitory role of SH which can be reversed by
certain trace metals (Henkin and Bradley, 1969). Yur'eva (1957, 1960,
1961, 1967, 1968) first demonstrated this participation of protein SH
groups in the taste process by blocking such groups with cadmium
chloride and depressing peripheral nerve activity; conversely, releasing
SH groups with guanidine increased taste sensitivity.
E The author was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service Research Career
Development Award 1 KO4 DE-00012. This research was supported by grants from the
University of Connecticut Research Foundation. I wish to thank P. Lacy and K. Hesse for
technical help, E. Meunster for statistical help, and Dr. E. Kremer and J. Shaw for editorial
assistance.
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0091-6773/78/0244-0457502.00/0
Copyright © 1978 by Academic Press, Inc.
All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.