1 Unraveling a Tradition, or Spinning a Myth?: Gender Critique in Czech Society and Culture Libora Oates‐Indruchová (Accepted version of: “Unraveling a Tradition, or Spinning a Myth?: Gender Critique in Czech Society and Culture“, Slavic Review 75, 4 (Winter 2016): 919-943. ISSN 0037-6779). Abstract The hostility that met feminist ideas and gender equality issues in East Central Europe (ECE) after the demise of the Communist regimes was accompanied by a notion that feminism was imported to these societies after 1989. In the Czech Republic, the record of the publishing output by feminist scholars in the 1990s, however, rather speaks against this myth. Drawing on existing scholarship and author’s own research on cultural discourses of gender and on state‐socialist science policies and censorship, this article argues that there has been a long tradition of gender critique that was present in a variety of discourses even during late state socialism. It proposes that the feminist impulse begun in the 19 th century continued in some form throughout the 20 th century. It then examines how the myth of the feminist import came to exist and what were the possible sources of the hostility against feminism in the 1990s. Bio sketch: Libora Oates‐Indruchová is Professor of Sociology of Gender at University of Graz in Austria. She published, among others, in Signs, Europe-Asia Studies, Men and Masculinities, and Aspasia. Together with Hana Havelková she edited The Politics of Gender Culture under State Socialism: An Expropriated Voice (Routledge 2014) that was awarded the BASEES Women’s Forum Prize. She currently works on a book on scholarly censorship in late state socialism.