ORIGINAL ARTICLE Guided tissue regeneration membranes with controlled delivery properties of chlorhexidine by their functionalization with cyclodextrins S. Lepre ˆtre Æ F. Boschin Æ N. Tabary Æ M. Bria Æ B. Martel Æ N. Blanchemain Æ H. F. Hildebrand Æ M. Morcellet Æ E. Delcourt-Debruyne Received: 15 May 2006 / Accepted: 20 October 2006 / Published online: 16 January 2007 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract In parodontology, guided tissue regenera- tion (GTR) is a new technique to cure periodontal lesions. Where the association of the GTR with an antimicrobial agent does not yield optimal results, we used the properties of cyclodextrins (CDs) to improve the membrane used in RTG to control the release and to increase the quantity of antimicrobial agent stocked on the membrane. We successed in fixing 14%-wt of cyclodextrin polymer on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes thank to citric acid (CTR) as crosslinking agent. We studied the complexation of chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX), the antiseptic agent used in this study, with CDs in UV-spectrophotometry and ROESY NMR. We observed complexation of CHX by b, c, hydroxypropylated (HP) bCD. We studied the biological properties of the cyclodextrin polymer onto (PVDF) membranes and observed that the CDs-polymer is not harmful for the cells. Moreover it stimulates their growth with native CD. A kinetic of release of the CHX was performed. Raw membranes released all CHX stocked in few hours, whereas graf- ted membranes released more than tenfold this quan- tity during 60–80 days. Keywords Biomaterials Á Cyclodextrins Á Drug delivery system Á Periodontal Á Polycarboxylic acids Á Tissue regeneration Introduction The periodontitis is a disease caused by the dental plaque. A biofilm of bacteria migrate to the epithelio- connective structure and destroy the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament and forms what is called a periodontal pocket. Progressively, the periodontal lig- ament is replaced by the epithelium tissue and the at- tachement of the tooth to gengiva is affected. The consequence is the receding of the gums. Classic methods to cure this disease is the cleaning of the area to eliminate the infection. Nevertheless, the epithelio- connective attachment is not restored : a junctional epithelium recovers the root [1–4]. A new method called the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is proposed to improve the results. A membrane is placed between the epithelium and the alveolar bone to promote the regeneration of the later. Studies shows good results of this technique but does not ameliorate the attachment because mem- branes are colonized by bacteria decreasing the effi- ciency of the treatment. Besides, the association of an antimicrobial agent does not increase significantly the regeneration. The reason is that the quantity of S. Lepre ˆ tre Á N. Tabary Á M. Bria Á B. Martel (&) Á M. Morcellet Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Macromole ´ culaire, CNRS-UMR 8009, USTL, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France e-mail: bernard.martel@univ-lille1.fr F. Boschin Á N. Blanchemain Á H. F. Hildebrand Groupe de Recherche sur les Biomate ´ riaux, Faculte ´ de Me ´ decine, Laboratoire de Biophysique UPRES EA 1049, Lille 59045, France F. Boschin Á E. Delcourt-Debruyne Laboratoire de biologie du Parodonte, Faculte ´ de Chirurgie Dentaire, Lille 59000, France 123 J Incl Phenom Macrocycl Chem (2007) 57:297–302 DOI 10.1007/s10847-006-9176-0