Reactions of Hydrogen Atom with Hydrogen Peroxide
Benjamin A. Ellingson, Daniel P. Theis,
²
Oksana Tishchenko, Jingjing Zheng, and
Donald G. Truhlar*
Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, UniVersity of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE,
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
ReceiVed: September 13, 2007; In Final Form: October 12, 2007
Rate coefficients are calculated using canonical variational transition state theory with multidimensional
tunneling (CVT/SCT) for the reactions H + H
2
O
2
f H
2
O + OH (1a) and H + H
2
O
2
f HO
2
+ H
2
(1b).
Reaction barrier heights are determined using two theoretical approaches: (i) comparison of parametrized
rate coefficient calculations employing CVT/SCT to experiment and (ii) high-level ab initio methods. The
evaluated experimental data reveal considerable variations of the barrier height for the first reaction: although
the zero-point-exclusive barrier for (1a) derived from the data by Klemm et al. (First Int. Chem. Kinet.
Symposium 1975, 61) is 4.6 kcal/mol, other available measurements result in a higher barrier of 6.2 kcal/mol.
The empirically derived zero-point-exclusive barrier for (1b) is 10.4 kcal/mol. The electronic structure of the
system at transition state geometries in both reactions was found to have “multireference” character; therefore
special care was taken when analyzing electronic structure calculations. Transition state geometries are
optimized by multireference perturbation theory (MRMP2) with a variety of one-electron basis sets, and by
a multireference coupled cluster (MR-AQCCSD) method. A variety of single-reference benchmark-level
calculations have also been carried out; included among them are BMC-CCSD, G3SX(MP3), G3SX, G3,
G2, MCG3, CBS-APNO, CBS-Q, CBS-QB3, and CCSD(T). Our data obtained at the MRMP2 level are the
most complete; the barrier height for (1a) using MRMP2 at the infinite basis set limit is 4.8 kcal/mol. Results
are also obtained with midlevel single-reference multicoefficient correlation methods, such as MC3BB,
MC3MPW, MC-QCISD/3, and MC-QCISD-MPWB, and with a variety of hybrid density functional methods,
which are compared with high-level theory. On the basis of the evaluated experimental values and the
benchmark calculations, two possible recommended values are given for the rate coefficients.
1. Introduction
Due to the rising cost of gasoline and growing concern about
the rapid rate of oil consumption, a significant amount of
research has been performed to identify alternate sources of
energy.
1-3
One alternative fuel that is being considered is
hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas offers a clean source of fuel that
can produce a reasonable amount of energy and can be
chemically synthesized from renewable resources at an afford-
able cost.
1
These characteristics have led several researchers to
study the feasibility of developing a combustion engine that
uses H
2
for fuel.
3
This in turn has resulted in a renewed interest
in the details of H
2
/O
2
combustion.
4
In addition, it has long
been known that the oxidation of H
2
makes a significant
contribution to the later stages of hydrocarbon oxidation.
5,6
Two reactions that play an important role in the high-
temperature, high-pressure behavior of the H
2
/O
2
combustion
system are
5-14
These reactions influence the dependence of the second explo-
sion limit
8
on temperature and reactant concentration and
dependence of the maximum rate of non-explosive oxidation
on the pressure, temperature, and reactant concentration.
7,9
A
recent study also found that for experimental conditions
(pressures, temperatures, etc.) above the third explosion limit
these reactions affect the length of time it takes to autocata-
lytically induce an explosion.
4
Unfortunately, low-temperature measurements of the rate
coefficients k
1a
and k
1b
of reactions 1a and 1b and of the sum
of these two rate coefficients (which is denoted k
1
) have shown
significant variations both in the absolute magnitude of total
rate coefficient k
1
and in the branching ratio R, defined as the
rate of reaction 1a relative to the rate of reaction 1b, k
1a
/k
1b
.
15-18
These reactions have been difficult to study because they involve
the same reactants, because OH can react with H
2
O
2
as a second
route to producing H
2
O, and because HO
2
can react with H to
produce either H
2
or H
2
O. Reaction 1b has also been studied
recently using single-reference and multireference perturbation
theories and using density functional theory; these calculations
led to an estimate of 8.1-9.3 kcal/mol for the barrier height of
this reaction.
19,20
In this Article, two complementary theoretical approaches
have been employed to estimate the reaction barriers for
reactions 1a and 1b. These approaches are (i) comparison of
parametrized rate coefficient calculations employing canonical
variational theory with small-curvature tunneling
21-25
(CVT/
SCT) to experiments and (ii) high-level electronic structure
calculations, such as the benchmark-level multicoefficient
correlation methods and the multireference correlation methods
* Corresponding author. E-mail: truhlar@umn.edu.
²
Current address: Chemistry Department, University of North Dakota,
151 Cornell St., Stop 9024, Grand Forks, ND 58202.
H + H
2
O
2
f H
2
O + OH (1a)
H + H
2
O
2
f HO
2
+ H
2
(1b)
13554 J. Phys. Chem. A 2007, 111, 13554-13566
10.1021/jp077379x CCC: $37.00 © 2007 American Chemical Society
Published on Web 12/06/2007