Consumer perceived value: The development of a
multiple item scale
Jillian C. Sweeney
a,
*, Geoffrey N. Soutar
b
a
Faculty of Economics and Commerce, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
b
Graduate School of Management, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
Abstract
Value creation is widely discussed in the practitioner literature and is often a part of organizations’
mission statements and objectives. It is seen by many commentators as the key to long-term success,
with Albrecht (1992, p 7) arguing that “the only thing that matters in the new world of quality is
delivering customer value.” Despite this emphasis, little research has addressed the value construct
itself and there is no well-accepted value measure, even in the retail environment in which customers
evaluate products before purchase.
The present research project describes the development of a 19-item measure, PERVAL, that can
be used to assess customers’ perceptions of the value of a consumer durable good at a brand level. The
measure was developed for use in a retail purchase situation to determine what consumption values
drive purchase attitude and behavior. Four distinct, value dimensions emerged that were termed
emotional, social, quality/performance and price/value for money. The reliability and validity of the
scale was assessed in a prepurchase situation, using exploratory and confirmatory analyses. All four
value dimensions were found to help significantly in explaining attitudes and behavior. The scale was
also tested in a postpurchase situation and found to be both reliable and valid in this context as well.
The PERVAL scale has a variety of potential applications and can serve as a framework for further
empirical research in this important area. © 2001 by New York University. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Perceived value, a strategic imperative for producers and retailers in the 1990s, will
be of continuing importance into the twenty-first century (Vantrappen, 1992; Woodruff,
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +61-9-380-1438; fax: +61-9-380-1004.
E-mail addresses: jsweeney@ecel.uwa.edu.au (J.C. Sweeney), gsoutar@ecel.uwa.edu.au (G.N. Soutar).
Pergamon
Journal of Retailing 77 (2001) 203–220
0022-4359/01/$ – see front matter © 2001 by New York University. All rights reserved.
PII: S0022-4359(01)00041-0