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TOWARDS A VISUAL DISCOURSE IN CHILDREN’S PICTUREBOOKS: BEATRIX
POTTER’S THE TALE OF PETER RABBIT (1902), JOHN MARSDEN’S AND
SHAUN TAN’S THE RABBITS (1998)
MARWA ESSAM ELDIN FAHMI
Assistant Professor, Department of English, College of Foreign Languages & Translation,
MISR University for Science & Technology, Giza, Egypt
ABSTRACT
The present paper examines the contribution of visuals to narration, a process proposed by G. Kress and T. van
Leeuwen as “reading images”. Illustrations are created by the innovative use of line, shape, color and other aesthetic
choices to evoke setting, establish character, convey theme, display information, explain a concept or create a mood. The
selected Children’s picture books – to my knowledge - have not been studied against their fluid textual entity incorporating
lexical and visual signs codified in an interaction of word, image, and reader. The picture book, as a potential sign, conveys
a narrative through verbal language and visual grammar. The point of departure is that the analysis relies heavily on the
Kress and van Leeuwen theoretical framework of visual semiotics. It is my attempt to address the following questions in
Potter’s, Marsden’s, and Tan’s visuals: 1) What is the purpose of each picture? 2) Is it narrative, referential, or symbolic? 3)
Do the pictures add details to the text that are not in it? 4) Do the pictures leave room for the child’s imagination, do they
have gaps, or is everything in the text depicted in the pictures?
KEYWORDS: Multimodal Theory, Postmodern Picture Book, Visual Semiotics, Children's Literature
Received: Oct 07; Accepted: Oct 10; Published: Oct 20; Paper Id: IJELDEC20152
INTRODUCTION
“What is the use of a book”, thought Alice, “without pictures and conversations?”
(Carroll, Alice in WonderLand: 2)
The present paper examines the contribution of visuals to narration, a process proposed by Gunther Kress
and Thao van Leeuwen as “reading images” in relation to children’s picturebooks, a canon of literature worthy of
serious analysis and investigation. Most discussions of children’s picturebooks dwell on their educational uses and
visual literacy is restricted in classroom activities curriculum. Furthermore, the illustrative content of children’s
picturebooks goes unremarked or mentioned superficially despite the naming of the illustrators on the title page.
Yet, Perry Nodelman's Words About Pictures: The Narrative Art of Children’s Picture Book, 1988, Maria
Nikolajeva's and Carole Scott's How Picture Books Work, 2001, in addition, David Lewis's Picturing Text: the
Contemporary Children’s Picture book, 2001, to name just a few, are notable literary scholars who have been in
pursuit of the metalanguage of picturebooks. John Stephens, in Language and Ideology in Children’s Fiction
(1992), turns to look toward the ideological dimensions of the picturebook. Stephens holds the belief that learning
Original Article
International Journal of English
and Literature (IJEL)
ISSN(P): 2249-6912; ISSN(E): 2249-8028
Vol. 5, Issue 6, Dec 2015, 9-28
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