Romance Studies, Vol. 24 (3), November 2006
CATALAN LITERATURE(S) IN
POSTCOLONIAL CONTEXT
Stewart King
Monash University, Australia
The invitation to Catalan culture to be the guest of honour at the 2007 Frankfurt Book Fair has
revived a polemic about what Catalan literature is and who can be considered a Catalan author. In
their responses to the announcement, many Catalan cultural commentators drew on the language and
discourse of postcolonialism to explain the historical and political reasons for the existence of Catalans
who write in Castilian and to justify the exclusion of such writers as suitable representatives of Catalan
culture. This article examines the use of postcolonial theories by Catalan intellectuals, writers and
literary critics. It argues that Catalan postcolonial studies largely reinforce nationalist discourse which
maintains that Catalan literature is literature written exclusively in Catalan. The article questions the
very restricted understanding of postcolonial subjectivity by Catalan critics, arguing that they either
ignore entirely or gloss over theories of bi-directional cultural contact, cultural change and hybridity
which are a central feature of postcolonial studies. In light of these unexamined theories, the article
proposes a framework for understanding Castilian-language writers from Catalonia and situating them
within a broader Catalan postcolonial context.
— to say that this or that book is (or is not) part of ‘our’ tradition is one of the most debilitating
exercises imaginable.
Edward Said1
In March 2005 the Frankfurt Book Fair announced that Catalan culture would be the guest
of honour in 2007. This announcement has revived a polemic about what constitutes
Catalan literature, what its function within Catalan society is and, consequently, who can
be considered a Catalan author. The Fair’s press communiqué states that the invitation was
extended to ‘la cultura catalana’ because it ‘stands out thanks to its unusual creativity and
popular appeal [...] demonstrated by internationally successful authors such as Vázquez
Montalbán, Juan Goytisolo or Carlos Ruiz Zafón and artists such as Juan Miró, Salvador
Dalí or Antoni Tàpies’.2 While the offer to present Catalan culture at the world’s most
important book fair was welcomed by politicians, publishers and authors as a unique oppor-
tunity ‘para dar a concocer al mundo la realidad de la cultura catalana’,3 the decision
to invite a ‘culture’ rather than a ‘literature’ caused some consternation among members of
Address correspondence to: Stewart King, School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, Monash
University 3800, Australia
© 2006 University of Wales Swansea DOI: 10.1179/174581506x147650