Research Article Sun Protection Behaviors Associated with Self-Efficacy, Susceptibility, and Awareness among Uninsured Primary Care Patients Utilizing a Free Clinic Akiko Kamimura, 1 Maziar M. Nourian, 2 Jeanie Ashby, 3 Ha Ngoc Trinh, 1,4 Jennifer Tabler, 1 Nushean Assasnik, 5 and Bethany K. H. Lewis 6 1 Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA 2 School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA 3 Maliheh Free Clinic, Salt Lake City, UT 84107, USA 4 Department of Sociology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam 5 Health Society and Policy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA 6 Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Akiko Kamimura; akiko.kamimura@utah.edu Received 29 July 2015; Accepted 25 August 2015 Academic Editor: Iris Zalaudek Copyright © 2015 Akiko Kamimura et al. his is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in the United States (US). However, knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes regarding sun protection vary among the general population. he purpose of this study is to examine sun protection behaviors of low-income primary care patients and assess the association between these health behaviors and the self-eicacy, susceptibility, and skin cancer awareness. Methods. Uninsured primary care patients utilizing a free clinic ( = 551) completed a self-administered survey in May and June 2015. Results. Using sunscreen was the least common tactic among the participants of this study. Skin cancer awareness and self-eicacy are important to improve sun protection behaviors. Spanish speakers may have lower levels of skin care awareness compared to US born and non-US born English speakers. Male and female participants use diferent sun protection methods. Conclusion. It is important to increase skin cancer awareness with self-eicacy interventions as well as education on low-cost sun protection methods. Spanish speaking patients would be a target population for promoting awareness. Male and female patients would need separate gender-speciic sun protection education. Future studies should implement educational programs and assess the efectiveness of the programs to further promote skin cancer prevention among underserved populations. 1. Introduction Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in the United States (US) [1]. he incident rate of cancer is known to vary by race and ethnicity: non-Hispanic whites are most susceptible to skin cancer (25 per 100,000), followed by Hispanics (4 per 100,000), while blacks are least likely to be diagnosed with skin cancer (1 per 100,000) [1]. Yet, racial or ethnic minority groups tend to have higher mortality and morbidity risks from skin cancer compared to majority groups [2]. Decreasing unprotected ultraviolet exposure is efective in preventing skin cancer [3]; thus, wearing sunscreen and wearing sun protective clothing are common recommendations for sun protection [4]. However, knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes regarding sun protection vary among the general population [5]. Variation in the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes toward sun protection may be related to group diferences in self-eicacy, perceived susceptibility, and skin cancer awareness; it is well established that individual level self- eicacy, perceived susceptibility, and awareness are impor- tant constructs inluencing health behaviors [6], including Hindawi Publishing Corporation Dermatology Research and Practice Volume 2015, Article ID 753681, 7 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/753681