Solar EnergyMaterials 14 (1986) 299-325 299
North-Holland, Amsterdam
SPECTRAL SELECTIVITY APPLIED TO HYBRID
CONCENTRATION SYSTEMS
D.E. OSBORN, M.A.C. CHENDO, M.A. HAMDY and F. LUTTMANN
Solar and Energy Research Facility, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
M.R. JACOBSON, H.A. MACLEOD and R. SWENSON
Optical Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Spectral selectivity applied to hybrid quantum/thermal solar systems can improve the overall
conversion efficiency of concentrated solar energy. The solar spectrum can be separated into
spectral regions or windows matched to specificphotoquantum processes and the balance used for
photothermal conversion. Higher conversion efficiencies can then be maintained in the photo-
quantum converter while photons inefficient for its use can be channeled directly to a thermally
decoupled photothermal loop at an elevated temperature. Various quantum conversionprocesses
utilizing different portions of the spectrum can also be optically coupled through the use of
spectral selectivity in a quantum/quantum hybrid solar system.
The basic approaches of spectrally selective beamsplitters (SSBS) using dichroic filters and
liquid absorption filters developed by the authors are presented. Various SSBSquantum/thermal
hybrid systems are discussed. A detailed analysis is developed for one example, a spectrally
selective hybrid photovoltaic/photothermal concentrating system. The analysis shows definite
benefits of a spectrally selective approach,
1. Introduction
The efficiency of utilizing the broad band of available solar energy by photo-
quantum (PQ), photovoltaic (PV), or photochemical (PC) solar energy converters
can be improved by combining those converters with a photothermal (PT) con-
verter. For example, such hybrid systems are being developed to overcome the high
unit area cost and inefficiency of PV conversion by employing concentrated sunlight
to reduce the PV cell area required and recover the waste heat in a PT loop in series
using the photovoltaics as a thermal absorber (fig. 1). In such thermally coupled
quantum/thermal conversion systems, the PV conversion efficiency is limited by the
broad wavelength range of the incident radiation, and the PT efficiency is con-
strained by the need to avoid overheating the PV cells, which would reduce their
efficiency further,
Solar energy converters differ in their conversion efficiency as a function of
wavelength. Photothermal converters are designed to absorb all wavelengths of the
solar spectrum efficiently. However, photoquantum converters exhibit widely differ-
ing spectral response curves which may be strong functions of wavelength. Photo-
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