Small Ruminant Research, 10 ( 1993 ) 189-199 189
© 1993 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. All rights reserved. 0921-4488/93/$06.00
Rearing systems for dairy goats
P.L. Greenwood
New Sout,~ Wales Agriculture, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Camden, New South
Wales, Australia
(Accepted 16 June 1992)
ABSTRACT
Greenwood, ['.L., 1993. Rearing systems for dairy goats. Small Rumin. Res., 10:189-199.
Performance data for seven groups of kids reared under a variety of management regimes within
four goat herds were compared. Kids were reared by hand (five groups) or on their dam (two groups ),
and all but one group received goat colostrum. Maximum growth to weaning (186.8 _+ 6.3 g/d) oc-
curred among goats fed cow colostrum, pasteurized goat milk (maximum average allowance of 1.6 l/
d) and a ration with 12.3 MJ ME/kg DM and 252.5 g CP/kg DM available ad libitum from 1 week
of age. These goats were weaned at an average age of 48.7 + 1.5 d and an average liveweight of 12.8 _ 0.4
kg and suffered only a slight reduction in growth rate as a result of weaning (average daily gain
176.3 _ 6.2 g ). By contrast, kids in the other groups grew more slowly prior to weaning (average gain
120.1_+7.8 to 165.5+8.1 g/d) and after weaning (49.9_+ 11.1 to 100.9_+ 12.3 g/d), despite being
older (averal,e age 78.5 +_ 0.8 to 102.4 _+ 4.0 d) and heavier (average liveweight 13.5 _+ 0.7 to 18.5 _+1.2
kg) at weaning, and in the case of the hand-reared groups at least, despite a greater maximum average
allowance of milk (2.0 vs. 1.6 l/d). Average growth rate during the first month after weaning was
correlated sil,nificantly (r= 0.65, P< 0.001 ) with the concentration of protein in the rations offered
to the six groups fed ad libitum. Significant differences (P < 0.001 ) in growth rate after weaning were
apparent between kids fed high protein pelleted rations ( 182.7 and 162.4 g CP/kg DM) and kids fed
a meal containing less protein ( 144.89 CP/kg DM ) ad libitum, and between kids fed concentrates on
an ad libitum or restricted basis (P< 0.05 ). These results demonstrated that intake of adequate pro-
tein from solid feed is important for successful weaning of goats, and also that the health status of goat
herds influences management practices.
Key words: Goat; Rearing; Weaning; Management; Disease
INTRODU CTION
The demand for goat milk to meet market requirements in Australia
(Greenwood, 1988a, 1988b) and the potential to develop markets for goat
meat frora dairy goat kids (Greenwood, 1985 ) indicate that artificial meth-
ods of rearing kids and early weaning would be beneficial. Financial benefits
which accrue from the use of artificial rearing systems, compared to the cost
Correspondence to." P.L. Greenwood, New South Wales Agriculture, Elizabeth Macarthur Agri-
cultural Insfitute, PMB 8, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia.