140 Int. J. Rapid Manufacturing, Vol. 4, Nos. 2/3/4, 2014
Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Fabrication of biodegradable, porous scaffolds using
a low-cost 3D printer
Philipp Drescher*, Sebastian Spath
and Hermann Seitz
University of Rostock,
Fluid Technology and Microfluidics,
Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6,
18059 Rostock, Germany
Fax: +49 381 498 9092
E-mail: philipp.drescher@uni-rostock.de
E-mail: sebastian.spatz@outlook.com
E-mail: hermann.seitz@uni-rostock.de
*Corresponding author
Abstract: A low-cost 3D printer was used to generate porous biopolymer
scaffolds. Scaffolds with various interconnected pores were designed and
built on an open-source fused deposition modelling (FDM) system ‘RepRap
Mendel’. The scaffolds were analysed in accordance with feasibility,
geometrical accuracy, and quality. REM images were taken for visual
investigation and the results were qualitatively compared with industrial FDM
systems. The results have shown that highly porous scaffolds with different
pore geometries and sizes can be achieved with a low-cost printer. This paper
also describes the potential application for the manufacture of scaffolds with a
low-cost FDM machine and its limitations.
Keywords: additive manufacturing; FDM; fused deposition modelling;
low-cost; biopolymer; scaffolds.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Drescher, P., Spath, S.
and Seitz, H. (2014) ‘Fabrication of biodegradable, porous scaffolds using
a low-cost 3D printer’, Int. J. Rapid Manufacturing, Vol. 4, Nos. 2/3/4,
pp.140–147.
Biographical notes: Philipp Drescher studied Biomedical Engineering and
Structural Engineering at the University of Rostock, Germany, and received his
diploma in 2010. As of 2011, he is a Scientific Assistant at the University of
Rostock. Currently he is working on new materials for the use in an additive
manufacturing method with an electron beam melting system. He has published
in international congress proceedings and journals in the fields of engineering
applications, additive manufacturing, and nanotechnology.
Sebastian Spath studied Mechanical Engineering at the University of Rostock
and received his diploma in 2006 for his diploma thesis in the field of
automation technology. Since January 2007, he works as Scientific Assistant at
Fluid Technology and Microfluidics. Here he dealt with the manufacturing
process for production of patient individual implants. In 2014 he received his
PhD and is now working at TRIOPTICS GmbH in Hamburg, Germany.
Hermann Seitz studied Electrical Engineering at the Technical University of
Munich, Germany, and received his diploma in 1997. From 1997 to 2001,