Influence of post heat treatment to the properties of
ZnO thin film prepared by RF magnetron sputtering
N.D. Md Sin
1,
*
1
NANO-ElecTronic Centre, Faculty of Electrical
Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
*e-mail: nordiyana86@yahoo.com,
Abdul Aziz. A
1
, S. Ahmad
1
, M.Z. Musa
1
, M.H.
Mamat
1
, M. Rusop
1,2,
*
2
NANO- SciTech Centre (NST), Institute of Science (IOS),
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
*e-mail: rusop@salam.uitm.edu.my
Abstract— The influence of post heat treatment on ZnO thin films
prepared by RF magnetron sputtering was reported. The effect
of ZnO thin films post heat treatment were varies from 300°C to
550°C had been investigated. The thin films were examined using
two point probe current-voltage (I-V) measurement (Keithley
2400), UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer, field emission scanning
electron microscopy (FESEM) (JEOL JSM 7600F). The current-
voltage (I-V) measurements indicated that the conductivity of
post heat treatment temperature of 500°C give the optimum
conductivity. All films exhibited high UV absorption
(300~380nm) properties and had low absorbance in visible and
near infrared (IR) (380~1200nm) region that obtained from UV-
Vis-NIR spectrophotometer measurement. The observed image
from FESEM shows an increase of the nanocolumnar size, as the
post heat treatment increases.
Keywords-component; ZnO thin films; post heat treatment;
electrical properties; optical properties; structural properties
I. INTRODUCTION
The potential of Zinc oxide (ZnO) material has been
extremely investigated by many researchers with its ability to
use for various applications such as such as optoelectronic,
electronic devices and solar cell. ZnO is n-type material
semiconductor with wide band gap 3.37 eV and 60 meV of free
exciton binding energy at room temperature [1]. ZnO is highly
conductive material and high meting temperature. It has
fabricated for various device application including solar cell[2],
sensor[3] and optoelectronic devices[4]. Several of deposition
method has been develop to deposit ZnO thin film such
chemical vapour deposition (CVD) [5], sol-gel method[6],
sputtering[7], hydrothermal[8] and pulse laser deposition
(PLD) [9]. R.F magnetron sputtering are use to provide a
uniform deposition, excellent in adhesion, highly crystalline,
repeatability, and high quality thin with high quantity [10-12].
Various parameters must be studied in order to achieve
required application such as substrate temperature, RF power,
based pressure, ratio of gas and thickness. Post annealing
process or post heating treatment is a process modifying the
defect to enhance the electrical, optical and structural
properties[13-14]. In this paper ZnO films were deposited by
RF magnetron sputtering at 500°C on glass substrates and it’s
were post heat treatment at different temperature in order to
advance the properties of film. The influence of post heat
treatment to the films on the electrical, optical and structural
properties of ZnO has been presented.
II. METHODOLOGY
A. Deposition by RF magnetron sputtering
ZnO thin films were deposited on glass substrates by R.F
magnetron sputtering. The sputter with ZnO target (99.999%)
was pump at 0.5mPa using a turbo molecular pump and the gas
were injected with argon and oxygen at 45 and 5 sccm
respectively. The pressure of the system was set to 7mTorr and
rf power at 200 watt. The substrate temperature was maintained
at 500°C during deposition. The deposition process was taken
for 1 h. The ZnO thin films was annealed in ambient for 1h at
different annealing temperature 300
o
C, 350
o
C, 400
o
C, 450
o
C,
500
o
C and 550
o
C.
B. Characterization
The electrical and optical properties of the thin film were
characterized using 2 probes I-V measurement system and UV-
Vis spectrophotometer respectively. The structural properties
were characterized using FESEM. The thicknesses of the
sample were measured using surface profiler (Dektak 150+).
The thickness of all samples is shown in Table 1.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Electrical properties
Fig. 1 shows the I-V measurement of ZnO thin films at
different post heat treatment temperature. The sample were
measured with voltage varied from -10V to 10V. All thin films
exhibit ohmic behaviour with Au metal contact. The current
density shows the highest at post heat treatment temperature
500°C. Fig. 2 shows the film conductivity and resistivity of
ZnO thin films at different post heat treatment temperature.
The resistivity and conductivity of the thin film was obtained
using equation (1) and (2) respectively [15]:
978-1-4673-5160-7/12/$26.00 ©2012 IEEE
S3-1
2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development
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