Enhancement of Power System Capacity with
Existing Switchgear using Superconducting Fault
Current Limiter
Apurbo Biswas, Md. Elias Khan and Md. Rafiqul Islam
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Khulna University of Engineering & Technology
Khulna, Bangladesh
rafiq043@yahoo.com
Abstract—Superconducting fault current limiter is an attractive
electronic device to solve the problem of very high fault current
in the power system. In this paper, the performance of enhanced
system capacity with existing switchgear by superconducting
fault current limiter is studied. At first, a resistive type SFCL is
modeled in Simulink. A three phase system with a nominal
capacity is designed and then it is replaced by higher capacity
keeping switchgear unchanged. Finally, the SFCL is introduced
in the higher capacity system. Fault current in this system is
limited by SFCL to the level of the presented switchgear. Thus, it
is revealed that the outstanding current limiting performance of
SFCL can be used to limit the fault to the level of the existing
switchgear if the system capacity is improved.
Keywords-superconducting fault current limiter; system capacity;
fault current; switchgear; simulink/simpowersystem.
I. INTRODUCTION
The power generation capacity of electric system is being
increased because of the growing demand. As a result, fault
current level rises which can go beyond the maximum
designed ratings of the presented switchgear. The requirement
of replacing existing switchgears with higher ratings is a major
concern in this situation. But to design switchgear with higher
ratings for every different capacity system is not economically
feasible [1]. It may result in decreasing the stability and
reliability of the system. This huge short circuit current of
higher capacity system is limited by fault current limiters
which can be an alternative solution rather than replacing
existing switchgear. High fault current can be limited to a
level of highest designed short circuit current rating of
presented switchgear. It creates a cost-effective way to
improve the power system capacity keeping switchgear
unchanged. Thus, the fault current limiter can be an excellent
technique to protect power system equipments.
Many types of fault current limiter have been developed in
the past few years [2-3]. Superconducting fault current limiter
(SFCL) is the most inventive fault current limiting device [4].
It offers many advantages which include having no impact on
the system in typical conditions, limiting fault current quickly
and response automatically in an abnormal condition. In
power system, studies of SFCL are anticipated not only to
limit fault current but also to develop stability of the system
[5-6].
Many studies have been carried out for the practical
application of SFCL in electric power system in the past few
years [7-9]. It includes current limiting characteristics of
SFCL, optimal resistive value of SFCL to improve transient
stability, optimal place to install the SFCL etc. But most of the
important practical application concern of SFCL in power
system to enhance system capacity with existing switchgear
has not been studied.
In this paper, a resistive SFCL model is developed with the
help of Simulink. The model is used in a single phase system to
prove the current limiting behavior of the SFCL. Then a three
phase system is designed with a nominal capacity and the fault
current characteristics are investigated. Finally, the SFCL is
implemented in a higher capacity three phase system and the
overall performance is studied.
II. BASICS OF SFCL
Superconducting fault current limiter is a promising technique
to limit fault current in power system. Normally non-linear
characteristic of superconductor is used in SFCL to limit fault
current. In a normal operating condition SFCL has no
influence on the system due to the virtually zero resistance
below its critical current in superconductors. But when system
goes to abnormal condition due to the occurrence of a fault,
current exceeds the critical value of superconductors resulting
in the SFCL to go resistive state. This capability of SFCL to
go off a finite resistive value state from zero resistance can be
used to limit fault current.
Different types of SFCLs have been developed until now
[10-13]. Many models for SFCL have been designed as
resistor-type, reactor-type, and transformer-type etc. In this
paper a resistive-type SFCL is modeled using simulink.
Quench and recovery characteristics are designed on the basis
of [14].
978-1-4799-0400-6/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE