Research Article August 2016 © 2016, IJERMT All Rights Reserved Page | 116 International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-5, Issue-8) Relationship Between Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-a with the Production and Productivity of Skipjack on Bacan Island Waters Amirul Karman * Fishing Department, Marine Science and Fishery Faculty, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia KusdiIksan Management of Aquatic Resource Department, Marine Science and Fishery Faculty, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia Surahman Fishing Department, Marine Science and Fishery Faculty, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia Sunarti Management of Aquatic Resource Department, Marine Science and Fishery Faculty, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia Abstract: ea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration level influenced on skipjack spatial and temporal distribution. Skipjack tuna fishing operation rely on its distribution information to obtain the best fishing operation efficiency. Main problem to obtain the fishing operation efficiency are the availability of data and information on oceanography condition related with the skipjack fishing. This research aim is to analyse the skipjack tuna fishing production and productivity correlation between sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a on Bacan Island waters based on spatial and temporal (quarterly, seasonal and calendar periods). Landing data collected from landing site at Panamboang fishing port in Bacan Island for five years of time series (2008-2012). The research was conducted from July to September 2012. SST and chlorophyll-a data was downloaded from Aqua-MODIS Level-3 satellite data with 0.05 0 x 0.05 0 spatial resolution and 8 days of temporal resolution from January 2008 to December 2012. The result found that highest skipjack tuna production and productivity was on quarterly-IV of calendar period on 2010 of year seasonal. Skipjack tuna production and productivity has correlation with SST. Keywords: SST, chlorophyll-a, skipjack, Bacan Island I. INTRODUCTION Bacan Islandwater located at Maluku Sea Waters within Indonesia Fishing Management Area ( WPP RI) 8 or know as WPP 715 includes Maluku Sea, Bay ofTomini and Seram Sea. This location also known as Indonesian Sea Current (ARLINDO) which is one of Indonesia sea current system connection between Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean through eastern Indonesian water [1].When this sea current passing through Indonesian waters, ARLINDO current mixed with other oceanic materials from Indian and Pacific Ocean.These material includes its characteristics such as temperature, salinity, oxygen, chlorophyll and other tracers as indicates of water productivity [2]. As one of important ARLINDO, this area known as one of the richest nutrient for the availability of phytoplankton. On the food chain, phytoplankton eaten by small fish and then by the large fish like tuna. In addition to nutrients, another factors that affecting the skipjack distribution is the SST as reported by [3], that SST influence the skipjack distribution with the vary range temporally and spatially. Another researchers, [4]; [5]; [6]; and [7] that changes in abundance of fish in the specific area as the result of fish in response to the changes of the environment condition. Tuna is a cosmopolitan species, their distribution and life cycle are not limited to a specific area. Therefore, any change in environment condition somewhere will affect the skipjack elsewhere.Skipjack response to environmental changes in narrow meaning but widespread in the ecological limits. Ecological limit determined by skipjack tolerances range against their environment conditions. Skipjack fishing requires the information on their distribution to make the fishing activity more efficient. Skipjack distribution can be clarified by the changes of the sea characteristics. As reported by [8] that fishing ground is influenced by the oceanographic characteristics: chemicals, physics and biology, e.g. temperature (SST; vertical and horizontal), salinity, chlorophyll-a concentration, thermal front and upwelling phenomena. Those water characteristics phenomenon can be identify as indicator of potential fishing ground. Oceanographic characteristics information can be obtained from remote sensing tenchology. According to [9] that upwelling can be detected by the condition of low SST and high of chlorophyll-a concentration compared to surrounding areas. Areas with high density of chlorophyll-a concentration indication of rich nutrient assumed as potential of tuna schooling ground. These SST and cholophyll-a concentration of oceanography conditions as a basic parameter to determine tuna fishing ground. For this research, fishing ground determination based on strong upwelling assumption and according to [10] research that occurrence of a strong upwelling where the SST below 26 0 C with chlorophyll-a concentration above 2 mg/m. Based on a research conducted by [11] that with remote sensing technology then it can be obtained information on SST and chlorophyll-a concentration wider and more efficient rather than direct on-situ observation. The main problem to optimize skipjack catches is data and information limitation on oceanographic characteristics to obtain the efficiency from fishing operation. Based on that condition this research is to fill gap on the analysis of S