International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 01 | Jan -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1553
MitoGame: Gamification Method for Detecting Mitosis from
Histopathological Images Using Crowdsourcing
Hanan Hussain
1
, Nirmala P.S
2
, Swathy M
3
1
M.Tech student, Computer Science, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology ,Kerala, India
2
M.Tech student, Computer Science, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology ,Kerala, India
3
M.Tech student, Computer Science, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology ,Kerala, India
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Abstract - Learning from crowds using Gamification
is a novel concept in medical Imaging. Convolution
Neural Network can be designed to handle learning
from crowds, using additional crowdsourcing layer. In
biomedical context, ground truth labeling from non-
expert crowd is generated using deep learning. Even
though crowdsourcing is used for annotating a large
number of online images, their feasibility for
application in medical imaging context requires a
deep knowledge. Hence Gamification task for detecting
breast cancer requires correct instruction and
Guidelines for the crowds. Noisy annotations can occur
when an expert task like annotating mitosis detection
are outsourced to non_expert users like crowds.
Gamification in histopathological images is proposed
so that complex tasks in biomedical domain in to a
game for non experts . Further, analysis of the results
from crowd and CNN shows that crowds do not
underperform than medical experts.
Key Words: Gamification, Crowdsourcing, Mitosis
Detection, Histopathological Images, CNN, Deep
Learning.
1.INTRODUCTION
Crowdsourcing is a type of participative online
activity in which an individual, an institution, a non-
profit organization or a company proposes to a group
of individuals of varying knowledge, heterogeneity,
and number, via flexible open call, the voluntary
undertaking of a task [1]. The definition was made
clear by Jeff Howe and Mark Robinson [2]. When
new crowdsourcing frameworks were introduced
recently IBM, Google and Microsoft are now focusing
towards semi-automated computing for gathering
ground-truth annotation data on images as well as
videos in the medical domain. Recently, Celi et al. [3]
conducted challenges, where pathologists, data
scientists, and medical universities were invited to
address specific tasks . As a part of this competition
many new ideas and simulations are introduced.
Deep Learning is a branch of Machine Learning based
on a set of algorithms that attempt to model high
level abstraction in data by using a deep graph with
multiple processing layers , composed of multiple
linear and non linear transformation. Widely used
algorithm of deep learning in Image context are
Convolutional Neural Networks , Since it explicitly
implies that input is an image . CNN implementation
provides higher accuracy in medical imaging [4].
The problem arises when the accuracy is obtained
only when there are large number of training dataset.
Since medical images are highly confidential and they
are not available to public,obtaining data set has
found to be difficult. Hence crowdsourcing platforms
will helps the crowd to join with the pathologist and
developers for converting problems to new
prototype that can be implemented.
1.1 Gamification
Gamification is the application of game design
elements and game principles in non-game context.
Crowdsourcing methodologies leveraging the
contributions of citizen scientists connected via the
Internet have recently proved to be of great value to
solve certain scientific challenges involving big data
analysis that cannot be entirely automated[5]. For
example, Fold-It is an online game where players
should solve puzzles that are in 3D by folding protein
structures. This method should motivate the user to
play using attractive graphics. Recent studies shows
that 3 billion hours per week are spent by playing
games around the globe.
1.2. Breast Cancer Grading
This grading system takes into consideration three
important factors which are [6].