Spatial dispersion in a wire mesh metamaterial
D. Felbacq,
a
B. Guizal,
a
G. Bouchitt´ e,
b
and C. Bourel
b
a
University of Montpellier 2
Groupe d’Etude des Semiconducteurs UMR-CNRS 5650
Bat. 21 CC074
34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France;
b
Universite du Sud-Toulon-Var
Laboratoire IMATH
BP 20132 - 83957 La Garde Cedex, France
ABSTRACT
The homogeneous and transport properties of a set of metallic fibers was studied. The existence of a plasma
frequency was shown and a precise formula was derived. A homogenized system for finite length ohmic wires
was derived. Some numerical simulations were made to study the influence of disorder.
Keywords: Metamaterials, Homogenization, Spatial Dispersion
1. INTRODUCTION
Metamaterials are artificial objects made of microscopic elements whose effective properties are not found in
nature.
1
For instance, it has been show that it was possible to design dielectric or metallic structures possess-
ing an artificial magnetic activity.
2–9
In the long wavelength regime the heterogeneous material behaves as if
homogeneous with an effective permeability, this comes under homogenization theory.
10–14
It was also shown
that it was possible to design materials with a tailorable plasma frequency out of ohmic or infinitely conducting
wires.
15–22
These structures prove to have very interesting application for imaging.
23–26
In the present paper,
we study the effective behavior of a set of ohmic wires, such as that depicted in fig.1. Throughout the article,
we consider time-harmonic fields (dependence in e
-iωt
) in s-polarization (electric field linearly polarized along
the direction of the wires).
2. PLASMA FEQUENCY IN A WIRE METAMATERIAL
2.1 Some numerical experiments
We start with a simple numerical experiment. We consider a finite set of infinitely conducting wires disposed
periodically with a square symmetry (a/d =1/100) as in fig. (1), and we plot the transmission through the
structure for an incident gaussian beam. The spectrum is given in fig.(2). It can clearly be seen that above
λ/d = 5, the transmitted field is strongly damped. In fact, it can be shown that the set of wires is equivalent to
a homogeneous medium with a dispersive effective permittivity given by:
ε
eff
=1 -
λ
2
λ
2
p
, (1)
where λ
p
is the plasma wavelength. It is interesting to note that this effect is an emergent property, in the sense
that each wire does not possess it. Rather, it is the interaction between the wires that produces it. Even more
interestingly, it turns out that this effect is not due to periodicity. Indeed, in fig.(3) we plot the transmission
spectrum for a set of wires where the position have been modified with a uniform disorder along the horizontal
and vertical directions. We have used three different values for the disorder: 10%, 20% and 30%. It is clearly
seen that the disorder only plays a marginal role in the global behavior of the set of wires: the curves are almost
superimposed, whatever the disorder.
Invited Paper
Metamaterials IV, edited by Vladimir Kuzmiak, Peter Markoš, Tomasz Szoplik, Proc. of SPIE
Vol. 7353, 735302 · © 2009 SPIE · CCC code: 0277-786X/09/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.820560
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7353 735302-1