Int. J. Automotive Technology and Management, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2015 97
Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Editorial
Carole Donada*
ESSEC Business School,
Av Bernard Hirsch, CS 50105,
95021 Cergy Pontoise Cedex, France
Email: donada@essec.edu
*Corresponding author
Yannick Perez
Supélec,
3 Rue Joliot Curie, Plateau de Moulon,
91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
and
RITM,
University Paris-Sud,
15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
Email: yannick.perez@u-psud.fr
1 Introduction
Electric vehicles (EVs) are not a 21st century innovation. They first surfaced during the
early days of the automotive industry, and continued evolving until the rise of Fordism.
During that period, EVs dominated the market but, within a matter of years, they
disappeared in favour of internal combustion vehicles (ICV). Throughout the
20th century, researchers, engineers, experts and consultants encouraged manufacturers
to launch new EVs, but each attempt led to failure.
Today, EVs (full electric, hybrids, plug-in hybrids, as well as hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles) are resurfacing through a wide range of projects and in a number of different
ways. First, EVs are no longer considered to be experimental concept cars, but rather are
incorporated into the production plans of mainstream manufacturers (e.g., Zoé by
Renault, Leaf by Nissan, Prius by Toyota, DS by PSA, BMW i by BMW). Second, new
entrants to the marketplace like Tesla Motors or BYD are bypassing the barriers that
traditionally controlled entry into the automotive industry and are instead positioning
themselves within the elite circle of car manufacturers (Donada, 2013). Third, the EVs
resurgence does not focus solely on the vehicles themselves but also on a set of
associated services such as car-sharing, battery rental, charging infrastructures, and
vehicle-to-grid (V2G) systems. Operating these services are many non-automotive
companies such as energy and service providers, battery producers, telecoms, and internet
companies; all of which are motivated stakeholders in the new ‘electromobility’ industry.