Review article The therapeutic journey of pyridazinone Wasim Akhtar, M. Shaquiquzzaman, Mymoona Akhter, Garima Verma, Mohemmed Faraz Khan, M. Mumtaz Alam * Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India article info Article history: Received 7 May 2016 Received in revised form 20 July 2016 Accepted 24 July 2016 Available online 27 July 2016 Keywords: Heterocyclic Pyridazinone Biological activity Anti-inflammatory and analgesic Anticancer Antiviral abstract Pyridazinones have drawn a substantial attention within the field of research analysis and development. The moiety is a subject matter of intensive research because of its wide spectrum of biological activities and therapeutic applications. The synthesis of pyridazinone and investigation of their chemical and biological activities have gained additional importance in recent years. In this review, we have compiled and discussed various biological and therapeutic potential of pyridazinone derivatives. © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 256 2. Pharmacological activities .......................................................................................................... 257 2.1. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity .............................................. ........................................ 257 2.2. Anticancer activity ............................................................................................................ 260 2.3. Anti-viral activity ............................................................................................................ 264 2.4. Anti-microbial activity ....................................................... ................................................ 265 2.5. Cardiovascular activity ........................................................................................................ 266 2.6. Anti-tubercular activity ....................................................................................................... 269 2.7. Anti-obesity activity ......................................................................................................... 271 2.8. Anti-diabetic activity ......................................................................................................... 271 2.9. Neuroprotective activity ...................................................... ............................................... 271 2.10. Miscellaneous .............................................................................................................. 273 3. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 276 References ........................................................................................................................ 276 1. Introduction The chemistry of pyridazinones (Fig. 1) has been an interesting field of study since decade. The synthesis of novel pyridazinone derivatives and examination of their chemical and biological behaviour have gained much significance in recent decades for biological, medicinal and agricultural reasons. Living being finds difficulty in construction of NeN bonds that limits the natural abundance of compounds having such bonds. The pharmacological action of pyridazinones has been broadly studied and is well known for its cardiovascular effects [1e3]. In this field several compounds such as zardaverine or imazodan have been developed as PDE III * Corresponding author. E-mail address: drmmalam@gmail.com (M.M. Alam). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ejmech http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.061 0223-5234/© 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 123 (2016) 256e281