INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395 -0056 VOLUME: 04 ISSUE: 02 | FEB -2017 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1428 Performance Analysis of DSR, STAR, ZRP Routing Protocols for a Dynamic Ad-Hoc Network Shivansh Jagga 1 , Ishita Dey 2 , Anoop Aparajit 3 1 Computer Science and Engineering, VIT University(Vellore) ,Email: shivansh.jagga2013@vit.ac.in 2 Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, VIT University(Vellore) ,Email: ishdey2@gmail.com 3 Computer Science and Engineering, VIT University(Vellore) ,Email: anoop.aparjit2013@vit.ac.in ------------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract—A dynamic ad-hoc network is a collection of mobile hosts with frequently changing network topology. Due to the mobility of nodes, interference, multipath propagation and path loss there is no fixed topology in this network. Hence some routing protocol is needed to function properly for these networks. This paper provides an overview of one of each type of routing and a review of performance analysis that is acheived on the basis of certain parameters. The parameters involve throughput, jitter and end-to-end delay. All simulations are carried out on the Qualnet Network Simulator. Keywords—DSR, STAR, ZRP, Routing protocols, MANET, Ad-hoc network, WANET I. INTRODUCTION A wireless ad hoc network (WANET) is a decentralized type of wireless network. The network is ad hoc because it does not rely on a pre existing infrastructure, such as routers in wired networks or access points in managed (infrastructure) wireless networks. Although, a network can be classified into static or dynamic, where a dynamic network is the one in which the network topology changes over time and the nodes may come and go, and edges may crash and recover. In a Mobile ad-hoc Network(MANET), these nodes act both as router and a host which can instantaneously form networks. Here, the load on the network changes over time where changes constantly occur and the system constantly has to adapt to them. The main challenge of designing MANETs is to develop scalable routing protocol which can help to communicate between mobile nodes. The role of routing protocols is to find a path which data packets can follow to transfer data from source to destination. The routing protocols for Ad Hoc wireless networks can be broadly classified into four categories- Routing information update mechanism, use of temporal information for routing, routing topology, and utilization of specific resources. Based on routing information update mechanism the routing protocols can be reactive, proactive and table driven. A few examples of those are as shown in the table below : A. Proactive Routing Protocols Proactive routing is also known as table - driven routing protocol. In this type of routing each node maintain the routing table for containing the latest route information of any node in the network. All proactive protocols have different method in the way of propagating information through all the nodes at the time of topology changes. These types of routing protocols are not suitable for larger networks because each node table maintains the entry of all nodes. These types of routing protocols are: Destination