© Martin Lang 2017 Re·bus Issue 8 Spring 2017 24 Counter Cultural Production: A Militant Reconfiguration of Peter Bürgers Neo-Avant-Garde Martin Lang Abstract This article re-examines Peter Bürger’s negative assessment of the neo-avant-garde as apolitical, co-opted and toothless. It argues that his conception can be overturned through an analysis of different sources looking beyond the usual examples of individual artists to instead focus on the role of more politically committed collectives. It declares that, while the collectives analysed in this text do indeed appropriate and develop goals and tactics of the ‘historical avant-garde’ (hence meriting the appellation ‘neo-avant-garde’), they cannot be accused of being co-opted or politically uncommitted due to the ferocity of their critique of, and attack on, art and political institutions. Introduction Firstly, the reader should be aware that my understanding of the avant-garde has nothing to do with how Clement Greenberg used the term. 1 I am aligning myself with Peter Bürger’s position that the ‘historical avant-garde’ was, primarily, Dada and Surrealism, but also the Russian avant-gardes after the October revolution and Futurism. 2 These are movements that Greenberg saw as peripheral to the avant-garde. Greenberg did, however, share some of Bürger’s concerns about the avant-garde’s institutionalisation, or ‘academisation’ as he would put it. I borrow the term ‘neo-avant-garde’ from Bürger, but with some trepidation. In Theorie der Avantgarde (1974 translated into English as Theory of the Avant-Garde 1984) he describes