American Journal of Scientific Research
ISSN 1450-223X Issue 11(2010), pp.86-91
© EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010
http://www.eurojournals.com/ajsr.htm
Distribution and Percentage of Heavy Minerals along
Makran Coastline of Pakistan
M. Afzal Farooq Choudry
Department of Environmental Science, FUUAST, Karachi, Pakistan
E-mail: drafzalfarooq@yahoo.com
Yasmin Nurgis
Environmental Research Center, Bahria University, Karachi, Pakistan
Asif Hussain
Department of Environmental Science, FUUAST, Karachi, Pakistan
Haq Nawaz Abbasi
Department of Environmental Science, FUUAST, Karachi, Pakistan
E-mail: hn.abbasi@yahoo.com
Abstract
Placer minerals are formed as a result of disintegration of heavy minerals as suitable
places. The heavy minerals serve as s index for stratigraphic correlation of unfossiliferous
starta. The study area extends from Phore to sonmiani along the Makran coastline of
Pakistan. 55 surficeal sand samples from the study area have been analyzed to determine
weight percent of 8 economic mineral species relative to their heavy mineral assemblage.
Particular attention has been focued on delineating ilmenite, zircon, and garnet
concentration. Total heavy minerals are almost identical in all study area. The diversity of
economic minerals species within study area is observed where total heavy mineral
percentage exceeds 3 percent have been analyzed for potential resources, It is estimated
that all the zones studied contain sufficient amount of valuable minerals, the bulk of which
is ilmenite.
Keywords: Heavy minerals, Makran coastline, Ilmenite, Zircon and Garnet
1. Introduction
Mineral sand deposits are defined as a loose aggregate of unlithified mineral or rock particles of sand
size (generally 0.02 to 2.0 mm) forming an unconsolidated or moderately consolidated sedimentary
deposit consisting essentially of medium grained clastics. These are derived from the weathering of
pre-existing rocks, and accumulated by wind or water. Mineral sand deposits are syngenetic
concentrations of valuable mineral particles with high specific gravity accumulated within the sand
deposits, also known as placer deposits.
Beach placer deposits around the world are known for ilmenite, rutile, Zircon, monazite,
sillimanite, and garnet. These enriched in radioactive minerals are of special interest for their use in
nuclear industry (Alencar and Freitas, 2004) and potential for environmental hazards engendered from
natural radiation (Vassas et. al., 2006). Heavy minerals are economically valuable (Moham, 2000).