NATURE ON TRIAL: A PHILOSOPHICAL
INTERROGATION OF G.C. WILLIAMS’ “MOTHER
NATURE IS A WICKED OLD WITCH”
U.S. ODOZOR
Department of Communication and General Studies, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
Corresponding Author: odozorus@ funaab.edu.ng; Tel .: +234802-083-9272
ABSTRACT
In what amounts to a trial, George C. Williams, in his “Mother Nature Is a Wicked Old Witch,” charges
nature with cruelty and abject insensitivity to human interests and values, arguing that nature is hostile
to life. Nature is the villain, while humans are its ‘victims’. However, given the vast resources har-
nessed for human well-being, through the ongoing enterprise of natural science, Williams’ critique of
the moral fibre of nature can only be self-defeating, and in need of outright revision. Through concep-
tual analysis, exposition and reconstruction, this paper critically responds to Williams’ philosophy of a
human-centered universe. Arguing that nature is well suited to meet rational human interests, the pa-
per found that the level of ecological crisis already attained globally, even as Williams wrote, renders
his thesis questionable. Also, Williams’ anthropomorphic stance towards nature is quite striking, as
nature is totally mindless and uncoordinated in its so-called ‘activities’.
Keywords: cosmos; ethics; human interest; nature; value; Williams
INTRODUCTION
It has been presumed—even in recent
scholarship—that nature has been put there
merely to serve human interests and values.
G eorge Christopher Williams’ essay titled
“Mother Nature Is a Wicked Old
Witch” (1993), represents, on a judicious
reading, an eloquent expression of this an-
thropocentric outlook on the universe. Wil-
liams contends that nature is unreservedly
hostile, even diabolically disposed, towards
life in general, but towards human interests
and values in particular. This paper is a criti-
cal reflection on the concept of nature,
against the backdrop of Williams’ attack. It
consists in commonsense reflections on the
subject of nature, relying on the body of
knowledge available in the natural sciences.
With the vast resources available and har-
nessed for human well-being through the
continuing unraveling of nature in science, it
is evident that Williams’ lopsided depiction
of nature is ill-informed, and expressly in
need of revision.
Williams’ essay in outline
Williams (1993:217) states clearly from the
outset that he aims to demonstrate that “the
universe is hostile to human life and values,”
and to “counter the ‘biocentric’ view of the
universe.” Williams chooses the Gaia hy-
pothesis advanced by the British scientist,
James Lovelock, and his colleague, Lynn
Margulis (Lovelock and Margulis, 1974), as
an example of this view. It states, roughly,
that adaptation is symmetrical, with organ-
Journal of
Humanities, Social
Sciences and Creative
Arts
54
ISSN:
Print - 2277 - 078X
Online - 2315 - 747X
© FUNAAB 2015
J. Hum. Soc. Sci. & Crtv. Arts 2015, 10: 54-68