Annals of Anatomy 194 (2012) 549–555 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Annals of Anatomy jo ur n al ho mepage: www.elsevier.de/aanat Evaluation of healing processes of intraosseous defects with and without guided bone regeneration and platelet rich plasma. An animal study Marzena Dominiak a,∗ , Katarzyna Lysiak-Drwal a , Leszek Solski b , Bogusława ˙ Zywicka b , Zbigniew Rybak b , Tomasz Gedrange a,c a Department of Oral Surgery, Silesian Piast Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland b Department of Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Silesian Piast Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland c Department of Orthodontics, Dresden Technology University, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 16 October 2011 Received in revised form 18 June 2012 Accepted 18 July 2012 Keywords: Intraosseous defects Bone grafting Bovine bone mineral Guided bone regeneration Platelet rich plasma a b s t r a c t Background: In most cases, the natural healing of intrabony defects only leads to restoration of tissue con- tinuity without differentiation and function. However, repair is not regarded to be an optimal treatment method, as confirmed in many clinical cases. Thus it is important to choose a surgical procedure which makes it possible to achieve restitution ad integrum of the bone structure. The choice of the GBR technique is crucial, in terms of the clinical conditions and limitations resulting from the use of a particular material. Objective: The objective of this study has been the analysis of effectiveness of selected surgical treatment techniques of intrabony defects in rabbits. Materials and methods: Research was conducted on 36 white rabbits. The operation technique was a criterion of division into 3 groups: BG/BOC (Bio-Oss Collagen ® + Bio-Gide Perio ® ), BOC/PRP (Bio-Oss Collagen ® + PRP), C (control group). Qualitative and quantitative histopathological evaluation was carried out after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results: The highest value of the bone surface area 31.9% (SD 1.8) was achieved in BOC/BG group three months after the implantation, while the lowest was revealed in C – group – 12.5% (SD 1.32) one month following the procedure. Conclusions: Upon quantitative histological assessment, the bone tissue presented the most intensive osteogenesis within one month from the application of BOC/PRP, whereas this was observed after the application of BOC/BG in later stages. The application of two regenerative methods influenced the rate, quality and overall treatment of intraosseus defects. © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction The process of healing in intraosseous defects leads to connec- tive tissue (so-called connective tissue scar) formation in lieu of the proper, new bone formation. In clinical conditions healing may not assure the proper size of the alveolar process; it may also impede the differential diagnosis of cicatrices, including the treatment of pathological processes in bone tissue, as well as induce the occur- rence of non-specific pain sensations, both in the operated area and its immediate vicinity (Dominiak and Lysiak, 2005). The proper shape and function of damaged tissue may now be restored owing to achievements in tissue engineering – a recons- tructive biology that draws on the advances in medicine, surgery, physiology, cell and molecular biology, and polymer chemistry. For ∗ Corresponding author at: Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26 st., 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland. Tel.: +48 717840251; fax: +48 717840253. E-mail address: marzena.dominiak@wp.pl (M. Dominiak). clinical purposes, terms of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and narrower guided bone regeneration (GBR) have been introduced (Nyman et al., 1982; Gottlow et al., 1986; Dahlin et al., 1989; Buser et al., 1993; Taguchi et al., 2005). In 1998, the so-called Lynch triad was designed, comprising three indispensable factors for ensuring undisturbed bone regeneration: structure (carrier), cells filling the base (cells stimulated by growth factors) and extracellular matrix material (ECM), i.e. signal molecules mediating the healing pro- cess. According to the principal assumption of tissue engineering, the implanted carrier, essential for initiation of the GTR and/or GBR processes, must be enriched with growth factors, cytokines or autogenous cells (Nyman et al., 1982). Despite dynamic growth in the field of tissue engineering, autogenic bone continues to be considered one of best regenera- tive materials. One significant limitation to the foregoing method, though, refers to the common difficulty in obtaining adequate quantities of material. Consequently, alternative solutions are being sought based primarily on the application of xenogenic and alloplastic materials, barrier membranes, as well as on the using of 0940-9602/$ – see front matter © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2012.07.007