~ 341 ~ International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2016; 4(1): 341-244 ISSN: 2347-5129 (ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62 (GIF) Impact Factor: 0.352 IJFAS 2016; 4(1): 341-344 © 2016 IJFAS www.fisheriesjournal.com Received: xx-xx-xxxx Accepted: xx-xx-xxxx Majid AA Bannai Aquaculture and marine fisheries, Marine Science Center, Basra University, Iraq Essa T Muhammad Aquaculture and marine fisheries, Marine Science Center, Basra University, Iraq Fatimah Ataby Collage of science, University of Thiqar, Iraq Correspondence Majid bannai Aquaculture and marine fisheries, Marine Science Center, Basra University, Iraq New host record of Dujardinascaris sphyraenaii (Bilqees et al., 1977). (Nematode: Heterocheilidae) parasitism in the Psettodes erumei fish, with note on the pathology of infection North West of Arabian gulf, Iraq Majid AA Bannai, Essa T Muhammad, Fatimah Ataby Abstract New host and geographic distribution of Dujardinascaris sphyraenaii is recorded as nematode parasite in the Psettodes erumei fishes in Arabian gulf, The histopathological lesions were manifested as chronic gastroenteritis with diffuse and granulomatous lesions in the liver, The infected liver grossly appeared abnormal due to its darker color and slightly swelling of the site of attachment of the worm hepatopancreatic necrosis and fatty degeneration. Pathological lesions of nematode parasitic manifestation of infected are observed, Most of tissue were abnormal with the erosion and necrosis in some region. Fishes were collected from Arabian Gulf. 61 samples were examined for parasites during the year 2015; the infection rate was 100% during all seasons of the year. The parasitic infestations were identified morphologically as Nematode, Genus: Dujardinascaris sphyraenaii Baylis, 1947Anisakis simplex third stage larva. Keywords: Nematode, Dujardinascaris, Psettodes erumei fish, Arabian Gulf, Iraq 1. Introduction Psettodes erumei is considered as one of the most important fish species in the Arabian Gulf as it is used as seafood at fish markets. Nematode, Genus: Dujardinascaris sphyraenaii Baylis, 1947 are invertebrate round worms, they are elongated, cylindrical form with unsegment body, The diseases occur due to the adult and larval nematodes which are very common in marine fishes, The nematode parasites infect various tissues and organs of fish such as stomach, intestine, liver, gonads, visceral mesenteries, peritoneum body cavity, blood vessels, swim bladder, and connective tissues, fin, orbits of the eye and brain Most species of the nematodes in adult stage live in the alimentary canal except the family Philometridae which are found in body cavity, liver and gonads (Akater, 2008) [1] . And Philometroides spp. cause chronic active ulcerative dermatitis, Philometra sp. may encyst within the testes cause trauma from migrating of this parasite, Moreover, Philometra is found in the ovaries as well as testis and although there may be little effect on egg production, in some cases there is hemorrhage, fibrosis, and increased number of melanomacrophages (Fergusonm,1989) [5] . In Iraq many studies has been analyzed on the nematode parasite in the Arabian gulf fishes, about 45 species are described, and the genus Dujardinascaris are register the first time in Arabian gulf fishes. 2. Material and Methods 1. Study area Fishes were collected from the from Khor –Abdulla North west Arabian Gulf Water, south of Iraq (latitudes 47° 30′ to 48° 15′; longitude 30° 50′ to 30° 00′) about 100 km south of Basra (Fig. 1) by fishermen using michnical tral net. 2. Collection and examination of specimens for parasites A total of 61 fishes of Psettodes erumei were collected. Period of samples collection was from March 2014 to October 2014. The fresh specimens were immediately examined for helminthes parasites. The weights were taken with the help of the digital weighing balance;