J Oral Maxillofac Surg
70:2070-2079, 2012
Guided Bone Regeneration Using
Cyanoacrylate-Combined Calcium
Phosphate in a Dehiscence Defect:
A Histologic Study in Dogs
Jung-Seok Lee, MD,* Seung-Hee Ko, MD,†
Young-Taek Kim, PhD,‡ Ui-Won Jung, PhD,§ and
Seong-Ho Choi, PhD
Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of cyanoacrylate-combined calcium phosphate (CCP) as a
candidate for a barrier membrane substitute in guided bone regeneration and the space maintenance
capability of CCP placed in a dehiscence defect model.
Materials and Methods: Six standardized dehiscence defects (5 3 mm, height width) around dental
implants were created on unilateral edentulous ridges in 5 dogs, where each defect was treated with sham
surgery, biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), CCP, barrier membrane (MEM), BCP + MEM, and CCP + MEM.
The animals were sacrificed after an 8-week healing interval for histologic and histometric analyses.
Results: The BCP and CCP sites showed increased bone formation compared with the control sites,
although incomplete defect resolution occurred; bone regeneration heights (area) averaged 3.52 0.69 mm
(4.94 2.59 mm
2
), 3.51 0.16 mm (4.10 1.99 mm
2
), and 1.53 0.42 mm (1.01 0.74 mm
2
) for the
BCP, CCP, and control sites, respectively. All the MEM sites showed more bone formation compared with the
sites that received the same biomaterials without a MEM, and the BCP + MEM and CCP + MEM sites showed
extensive bone formation within the defect and on top of the implant; the bone regeneration heights (area)
averaged 3.96 2.86 mm (12.46 11.61 mm
2
), 5.45 0.25 mm (11.63 1.97 mm
2
), and 2.62 0.27 mm
(3.43 0.98 mm
2
) for the BCP + MEM, CCP + MEM, and MEM sites, respectively.
Conclusions: CCP can be a good scaffold for supporting an MEM as opposed to acting as a substitute
for the MEM in guided bone regeneration.
© 2012 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70:2070-2079, 2012
In clinical dentistry, various types of bony defects can
occur around or beside a dental implant in an eden-
tulous alveolar ridge. In cases where a tooth has been
extracted because of severe periodontal destruction
owing to periodontitis or endodontic problems, the
alveolar bone would be resorbed horizontally or ver-
tically. These situations may result in the exposure of
an implanted surface and can hamper the ideal place-
ment of a dental implant in extreme cases.
1,2
There-
fore, such ridge defects should be carefully evaluated
and classified and, if indicated, corrected. Seibert
3
classified ridge defects into 3 categories: horizontal,
Received from the Department of Periodontology, Research Insti-
tute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei
University, Seoul, Korea.
*Clinical Assistant Professor.
†PhD Student.
‡Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology and Den-
tistry, National Health Insurance Company, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
§Associate Professor.
Professor.
Dr Lee and Dr Ko contributed equally to this work.
This work was supported by grant 08K1501-01220 from the
Center for Nanostructured Materials Technology under the 21st
Century Frontier R&D Program of the Ministry of Education, Sci-
ence and Technology, Korea.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Choi:
Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodon-
tal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-
ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea; e-mail: shchoi726@
yuhs.ac
© 2012 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
0278-2391/12/7009-0$36.00/0
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2012.04.044
2070