107
ÍÀÓÊÀ ² ÏÐÀÂÎÎÕÎÐÎÍÀ, 2013, ¹ 2(20)
ÊÐÈ̲ÍÀËÜÍÅ ÏÐÀÂÎ ² ÊÐÈ̲ÍÎËÎòß
ÓÄÊ 343.84(477)
Î.Ï. Ãîðîõ,
êàíäèäàò þðèäè÷íèõ íàóê, äîöåíò
ÇÍÈÆÅÍÍß ÏÐÈÇÍÀ×ÅÍί ÇÀÑÓÄÆÅÍÎÌÓ Ì²ÐÈ ÏÎÊÀÐÀÍÍß ÍÀ
ϲÄÑÒÀ² ×. 3 ÑÒ. 74 ÊÐÈ̲ÍÀËÜÍÎÃÎ ÊÎÄÅÊÑÓ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÈ
(ÎÊÐÅ̲ ÏÐÎÁËÅÌÈ ÑÓÄÎÂί ÏÐÀÊÒÈÊÈ)
Ó ñòàòò³ äîñë³äæåíî êðèì³íàëüíî-ïðàâîâó íîðìó ïðî çíèæåííÿ ïðèçíà÷åíî¿
çàñóäæåíîìó ì³ðè ïîêàðàííÿ íà ï³äñòàâ³ ÷. 3 ñò. 74 Êðèì³íàëüíîãî êîäåêñó Óêðà¿íè.
Âèñâ³òëåí³ òåîðåòè÷í³ òà ïðèêëàäí³ ïðîáëåìè çàñòîñóâàííÿ ö³º¿ êðèì³íàëüíî-ïðàâîâî¿
íîðìè.
Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: çâ³ëüíåííÿ â³ä ïîêàðàííÿ; çíèæåííÿ ïðèçíà÷åíî¿ çàñóäæåíîìó
ì³ðè ïîêàðàííÿ; çâîðîòíà ä³ÿ êðèì³íàëüíîãî çàêîíó ó ÷àñ³.
 ñòàòüå èññëåäîâàíî óãîëîâíî-ïðàâîâóþ íîðìó î ñíèæåíèè íàçíà÷åííîé
îñóæäåííîìó ìåðû íàêàçàíèÿ íà îñíîâàíèè ÷. 2 ñò. 74 Óãîëîâíîãî êîäåêñà Óêðàèíû.
Îñâåùåíû òåîðåòè÷åñêèå è ïðèêëàäíûå ïðîáëåìû òàêîãî ïðèìåíåíèÿ ýòîé óãîëîâíî-
ïðàâîâîé íîðìû.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: îñâîáîæäåíèå îò íàêàçàíèÿ; ñíèæåíèå íàçíà÷åííîé îñóæäåí-
íîìó ìåðû íàêàçàíèÿ; îáðàòíîå äåéñòâèå óãîëîâíîãî çàêîíà âî âðåìåíè.
Paper investigates the criminal rule of law about the decrease of an appointed punishment
measure on the basis of p. 2 art. 74 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Theoretical and applied
problems of such application of this criminal rule of law are covered.
Keywords: release from punishment; decrease of appointed punishment measure;
retroaction of the criminal law in time.
Ïðèçíà÷åííÿ âèíóâàòîìó ïåâíîãî âèäó òà ì³ðè ïîêàðàííÿ íå âèêëþ÷àº
ìîæëèâîñò³ ïîì’ÿêøåííÿ ïîêàðàííÿ ï³ä ÷àñ éîãî â³äáóâàííÿ. Êðèì³íàëüíèé êîäåêñ
Óêðà¿íè (äàë³ – ÊÊ) äî ï³äñòàâ, çà ÿêèìè ìîæå áóòè ïîì’ÿêøåíå ïîêàðàííÿ
çàñóäæåíîìó, â³äíîñèòü, çîêðåìà: çàì³íó íåâ³äáóòî¿ ÷àñòèíè ïîêàðàííÿ á³ëüø ì’ÿêèì
(ñò. 82, ÷. 4 ñò. 83 ÊÊ); çàñòîñóâàííÿ çàêîíó ïðî àìí³ñò³þ (ñò. 86 ÊÊ) àáî àêòà ïðî
ïîìèëóâàííÿ (ñò. 87 ÊÊ); çìåíøåííÿ ñàíêö³ºþ ñòàòò³ (÷àñòèíè ñòàòò³) íîâîãî
êðèì³íàëüíîãî çàêîíó ìàêñèìàëüíî¿ ìåæ³ ïîêàðàííÿ, ùî áóëî âñòàíîâëåíî ñàíêö³ºþ
ñòàòò³ (÷àñòèíè ñòàòò³) ñòàðîãî êðèì³íàëüíîãî çàêîíó (÷. 3 ñò. 74 ÊÊ).
Îçíàéîìëåííÿ ç þðèäè÷íîþ ë³òåðàòóðîþ äîçâîëÿº ñòâåðäæóâàòè, ùî ÿêùî
âèä³â ïîì’ÿêøåííÿ ïîêàðàííÿ, ïåðåäáà÷åíèõ ñòàòòÿìè 82, 86, 87 ÊÊ, ïðèâåðòàëàñÿ
óâàãà â³ò÷èçíÿíèõ þðèñò³â, òî ïðîáëåìè ïîì’ÿêøåííÿ ïîêàðàííÿ íà ï³äñòàâ³ ÷. 3
ñò. 74 ÊÊ â óêðà¿íñüê³é êðèì³íàëüíî-ïðàâîâ³é äîêòðèí³ º ìàéæå íåäîñë³äæåíèìè. Ó
ïðàöÿõ óêðà¿íñüêèõ â÷åíèõ, ïðèñâÿ÷åíèõ ïèòàííÿì çâ³ëüíåííÿ â³ä ïîêàðàííÿ òà
éîãî â³äáóâàííÿ, íå âèñâ³òëåíî âñ³õ ïðè÷èí, çà ÿêèõ çàñóäæåíîìó ìîæå áóòè çíèæåíà
ì³ðà ïîêàðàííÿ íà ï³äñòàâ³ ÷. 3 ñò. 74 ÊÊ, à òàêîæ íå ïðîàíàë³çîâàí³ ïðîáëåìè ñóäîâî¿
ïðàêòèêè ó ö³é ñôåð³ [1].
Îòæå, ìåòîþ ö³º¿ ñòàòò³ º âèñâ³òëåííÿ òåîðåòè÷íèõ òà ïðèêëàäíèõ ïðîáëåì
çíèæåííÿ ïðèçíà÷åíî¿ çàñóäæåíîìó ì³ðè ïîêàðàííÿ íà ï³äñòàâ³ ÷. 3 ñò. 74 ÊÊ.
³äïîâ³äíî äî ÷. 3 ñò. 74 ÊÊ ïðèçíà÷åíà çàñóäæåíîìó ì³ðà ïîêàðàííÿ, ùî
ïåðåâèùóº ñàíêö³þ íîâîãî çàêîíó, çíèæóºòüñÿ äî ìàêñèìàëüíî¿ ìåæ³ ïîêàðàííÿ,
âñòàíîâëåíî¿ ñàíêö³ºþ íîâîãî çàêîíó. Çàñòîñóâàííÿ ïîëîæåíü ö³º¿ íîðìè ´ðóíòóºòüñÿ