RESEARCH FOCUS Spanish nurses’ attitudes towards research and perceived barriers and facilitators of research utilisation: a comparative survey of nurses with and without experience as principal investigators Teresa Moreno-Casbas, Carmen Fuentelsaz-Gallego, A ´ ngel Gil de Miguel, Esther Gonza ´lez-Marı´a and Sean P Clarke Aims and objective. To examine attitudes towards research and perceived barriers and facilitators of research utilisation in clinical practice in a broad cross-section of Spanish nurses. Background. Nurses’ attitudes towards research are critical in determining whether study findings are used to improve practice. Design. Cross-sectional comparative survey in Hospitals, Primary Care Centres and University-affiliated schools of nursing. Methods. Surveys were completed by 917 nurses: 69 who received funding from the Spanish national agency (1998–2004) and a nationally representative sample of 848 nurses who did not have the same research experience (the Comparison group). Two instruments (BARRIERS and Attitudes towards nursing research) were translated and culturally adapted for use in Spain. A descriptive analysis of demographic and practice characteristics was performed. Total scale scores, as well as subscale scores, were computed and compared across the two groups using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA ANOVA) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA MANOVA) with post hoc tests. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were computed between the total tool scores and subscales measuring barriers and attitudes in both groups. Results. The investigators differed from other nurses on several demographic and work characteristics (more males, older age and more likely to work a fixed day shift schedule). On the whole, investigators showed more favourable attitudes but perceived several elements as posing greater barriers to research utilisation than the Comparison groups. Across all respondents, issues related to the quality of research were rated as the greatest barriers to research utilisation, followed by organisational barriers, barriers involving the communication of findings and finally, those related to nurses’ values, awareness and skills. Conclusions. Very similar profiles of perceptions and attitudes regarding research were found in these samples of Spanish nurses relative to those from other countries in earlier reports. Nurses who had experience conducting research demonstrated more favourable research-related attitudes and perceived barriers differently than those without such experience. Relevance to clinical practice. Understanding different organisational and experience perspectives is important to identify challenges and opportunities to ensure research utilisation in clinical practice. Authors: Teresa Moreno-Casbas, RN, MSc, PhD, FEAN, CEO of National Nursing Research Unit, Unidad de coordinacio ´n y desarrollo de la Investigacio ´n en Enfermerı ´a (Investen-isciii), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain and Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Carmen Fuentelsaz-Gallego, RN, MSc, PhD Candidate, Researcher, Unidad de coordinacio ´ n y desarrollo de la Investigacio ´ n en Enfermerı ´a (Investen-isciii), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid and Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona; A ´ ngel Gil de Miguel, MD, PhD, Professor, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcon, Madrid; Esther Gonza ´ lez-Marı ´a, RN, MSc, PhD Candidate, Researcher, Unidad de coordinacio ´ n y desarrollo de la Investigacio ´ n en Enfermerı ´a (Investen-isciii), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid and Centro colaborador espan ˜ ol Joanna Briggs para los cuidados de salud basados en la evidencia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Sean P Clarke, RN, PhD, FAAN, RBC Chair in Cardiovascular Nursing Research, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada Correspondence: Teresa Moreno-Casbas, CEO of National Nursing Research Unit, Unidad de coordinacio ´ n y desarrollo de la Investigacio ´ n en Enfermerı ´a (Investen-isciii), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacio ´ n, Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabello ´ n 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain. Telephone: +34 918222536. E-mail: mmoreno@isciii.es 1936 Ó 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20, 1936–1947 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03656.x