A Novel Method for Route Optimization in Inter and Intra NEMO Anshu Mrinalini, Sandeep Joshi, R. Vikram Raju Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India ABSTRACT: With the advancement in technology and the rising need to remain connected to the Internet even while on the move, Network Mobility (NEMO) has come into existence. It is an extension of mobile IPv6 which enables a set of nodes to collectively move from one place to another without disrupting their connection to the Internet. In hierarchical NEMO, due to the high degree of nesting in mobile network, pinball routing problem, inefficient route and end to end delay in packet transmission are quite common. Therefore, considering these problems, we have come up with a solution called Route Optimization for Inter and Intra network (ROIIN) which will provide one tunnel solution in case of inter-network packet transmission and an efficient route optimization in case of intra-network communications. 1. INTRODUCTION The progression in technology is engulfing more and more people to remain connected to the Internet. Even if a person moves around the world, he/she still wants to remain connected to their home network. Additionally, the improvements in wireless communication is allowing people to increase their mobility more rapidly without any fear of getting disconnected from the network. The Mobile IPv6 [1] is a protocol that assists the nodes to be accessible while moving around in the IPv6 Internet. A node in IPv6 is always acknowledged by its Home Agent (HA). The IPv6 packets that are addressed to a mobile node’s Home Address (HoA) are routed transparently to its Care of Address (CoA) thereby maintaining transparency of the mobile node. This protocol binds the mobile node’s HoA with its CoA and sends the packet destined for the mobile node directly to its CoA thus compromising with the location of the node in the network. However, with the growing use of IP enabled devices, the demand for mobility support of the entire network of IP enabled devices has increased rapidly. To fulfill this demand, Mobile IP is extended in Network Mobility (NEMO) [2]. The devices on the mobile network are provided uninterrupted Internet access even when they change their point of connection to the internet [3]. Say a person is travelling in a bus and he/she is using their PDA (devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops etc.) which is connected to the network of the bus. As the bus moves, it changes point of connection to the internet due to the change in its Access Router (AR). Such kind of mobility of the network is called NEMO. In NEMO, every node has – its HoA which is the fixed address through which the node is identified; and its CoA which is the current address of the node in the foreign network. The basic architecture of the mobile network [4] comprises of Mobile Router (MR), Top Level Mobile Router (TLMR), HA, Correspondent Node (CN), AR and Mobile Network Node (MNN). The MNNs are the PDA devices that are connected wirelessly to the MR which in turn maybe connected to another MR and so on thereby forming a hierarchy. The TLMR is connected to the AR which is connected to the wired network. The mobile nodes register their CoA with their HAs before communicating with the CN. Hence the task of maintaining the CoA of the nodes is done by the HA which resides in the HoA of the node. The architecture of NEMO can be seen in Figure 1. When MR, having its own MNNs, get attached to the TLMR, it forms a nested mobile network. The NEMO BSP [5] was introduced by IETF working group [6] as an extension of Mobile IPv6 in order to facilitate the movement of the entire IP network as a single unit thereby changing its point of connection to the internet. Though NEMO BSP provides improved network mobility support as compared to Mobile IPv6, it still has certain limitations in terms of route optimization, end to end packet delay,