International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 9, September 2016 425 ISSN 2250-3153 www.ijsrp.org Assessment of Self-Care Activities for Patients’ with Diabetes Mellitus Type II Bashar R. Mohammed-Ali, M.Sc. * , RajhaA. Hamza, Ph.D. ** * M.Sc.Adults Nursing,Faculty of Nursing, University of Kufa. ** Professor, Adult Nursingdepartment, Faculty of Nursing, University of Kufa. Abstract- Objective: this study aimed to assess of self-care activities among diabetic patients’ type II and to find out the relationship between self-care activities and their demographic and clinical data. Methodology:Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design was adopted in the current study in order to assess of self- care activities among diabetic patient type II. A Non-Probability (Purposive Sample) of (200) Diabetes Mellitus patients with type II. Data collected through using of a well-designed questionnaire consist of three parts, part I consists of demographic data , part II consists of clinical data , and part III consists of self-care activities , Data collected by direct interview method with diabetic patients’. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and Inferential Data Analysis . Results: The findings indicate that the patients' responses are high at medications domain. Poor at the exercise and monitoring domains. In addition, moderate at the remaining domains. also there is a highly significant relationship between the patients (self-care activities) and their (levels of education, treatment, health education, sources of health education, complications). while there is a non-significant relationship with remaining demographic and clinical data.Conclusion: The study conclude that moderate self-care activities is the main level for most of the patients. Also study concludes that large number of the patient with TIIDM have cardiovascular diseases as a complication that can affect their self-care activities. Recommendation: The study recommends an education program should be designed and implemented to increase patient’s information about self-care regimen for diabetes mellitus in order to reduce or prevent complications. Index Terms- assessment, self-care, patient, type II diabetes mellitus. I. INTRODUCTION iabetes is one of the world’s biggest health problems. Around 4.6% about285 millions of diabetic patients in 2010 in the world, and the expectation will move higher in 2030 to 7.7% about 439million (1) .Regardless the improvement in treating, diabetes in these days is considered a major reason for morbidity and mortality. It has important effect on life value of the patient, their ability to work, and high costs for the health care provided to the patients (2)(3) . It has predicted that in 2025 will be doubling the number of people who suffer from diabetes and 76% of them in low-income countries (4) . Unhealthy practices and perception for diabetic patients can lead to increase the effect of the disease and complications which can be prevented. The diabetic complications such as nephropathy and retinopathy and neuropathy can affect the quality of life of the patients, and can lead to a significant effect on patient's quality of life and productivity (4,1) . Self-care act a main task in the management of DM these activities may include healthy eating habits, practicing exercises, self-controlling blood sugar by monitoring, and using prescribed drugs. Any dereliction about these activity leads to worsen the disease problems, while following those activities can reduces cardiovascular problems which can be responsible for 70-80% of the mortality in diabetic patients. Thus, self-care activities are considered the most important factors in controlling chronic diseases like diabetes (5) .Self-care activities can be so hard to followed, and often requires necessary changes in lifestyle that most of the patients neglected as a doctor's advice, which result in increasing the problems (6) .Following self-care activities by diabetic patients plays a complete role in achieving eligible outcomes. Therefore, identifying knowledge deficits and inadequacies in self-care practices among patients with type II diabetes may facilitate interventions that are specific to the patients’ needs (7) . In Iraq, a study was conducted in 2008 and found a that large rate of people living with diabetes mellitus type II, out of Iraqi population (27) million, the prevalence of the disease is attain epidemic extent, affecting around two millions of citizens (7.43%) of the total Iraqi people (8) .In 2011, the distribution of cases of diabetes among the Iraqi population about (3,527,354) million, compared with the incidence of Najaf province, about one (144,591) thousand (9) . While in 2015 the statistic shows that new cases were (2335) in Al- Najaf Province (10) . Moreover, Diabetes has an effect on the patient function which leads to physical impairment. However, diabetes complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and diabetic foot which makes the patient incapable for movement and lead to high risk for disability of diabetic patient, also these complications reduced life expectancy and increase many health care costs to the community. It is a demanding disease and has significant personal and public health issues, so it can affect people life in many ways. Therefore, common worries about those complications might develop and makes burden on dealing with them (11) .Being stick the recommendations lifestyle modifications can reduce the burden of disease and reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with type II diabetes complications. Less commitment to self-care like diet and exercise then diabetes can become more prevalent than before, that will make more load and worsen the results of diabetes with rehospitalization and more care needed with more payment (12) . D