99 Pavan Kumar Padarthi. et al. / International Journal of Phytopharmacology, 4(2), 2013, 99-105. e- ISSN 0975 – 9328 Print ISSN 2229 – 7472 International Journal of Phytopharmacology Journal homepage: www.onlineijp.com PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CHENOPODIUM ALBUM ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AGAINST ASPIRIN INDUCED PEPTIC ULCER IN RAT MODEL Pavan Kumar Padarthi 1 , K Jagatheesh 1 , Kowsalya R 1 , C Muneer Babu 2 , Elangovan Namasivayam 1 * *1 Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamilnadu, India. 2 Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India. ABSTRACT Chenopodium album, is a commonly used plant in Indian traditional medicine belongs to family Chenopodiaceae. In our study, anti-ulcer activity of its ethanolic extracts of whole plant were investigated using Wistar rats as animal models. Extracts were also subjected to phytochemical analysis and found to contain Carbohydrates, Proteins, Flavonoids, Tannins and phenolic compounds. Chenopodium album alcoholic extracts were found to be non-toxic up to 1500 mg/kg dose level. During confirmation of the claimed anti -ulcer activity, treatment with two different alcoholic extracts in 200mg and 400 mg/kg showed significant reduction in ulcer index, free acidity as well as total acidity in pylorus ligated rats. However, profound reduction in all these indices was observed with both of the doses. But higher dose of extract showed relatively significant protection. Key words: Chenopodium album, Ulcer index, Antiulcer activity. INTRODUCTION Peptic ulcer is an open crater or sore that develop in the inner lining (mucosa) of the stomach or the duodenum. A coating of mucus and other chemicals normally shields the stomach and duodenum from digesting themselves. When these protective mechanisms are disrupted, powerful digestive acids can erode into the lining of these organs and cause peptic ulcer (Anonymous 1; Tripathi KD, 2003). A peptic ulcer may arise at various locations like Stomach (called gastric ulcer), Duodenum (called duodenal ulcer), Esophagus (called esophageal ulcer), A Meckel’s diverticulum was shown in Fig.1: Treatment of peptic ulcer (Satoskar RS et al., 2008; Roger Walker et al., 2006; Maity S et al., 1995) Reduction of gastric acid secretion Corresponding Author Elangovan Namasivayam Email: elangovannn@gmail.com H 2 -antihistamines – Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Roxatidine, Loxatidine. Proton pump inhibitors – Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole, Esomeprazole. Anticholinergics – Pirenzepine, Propantheline, Oxyphenonium. Prostaglandin analogues – Misoprostol, Enprostil, Rioprostil. Neutralization of gastric acid (antacids) Systemic- Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium citrate. Non systemic-Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium trisilicate, Aluminium hydroxide gel, Magaldrate, Calcium carbonate. Ulcer protectives- Sucralfate, Colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS). Ulcer healing drugs- Carbenozolone Sodium. Anti H-Pylori drugs- Amoxycillin, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Tetracycline. Chenopodium album Chenopodium album L. var. album Family Chenopodiaceae distributed throughout India, in areas IJP