Archaeological Investigation of the Eastern Extensions of the Karnak Temple Using Ground-Penetrating Radar and Magnetic Tools Abbas Mohamed Abbas, 1 Tareq Fahmy Abdallatif, 1,3, * Fathy A. Shaaban, 1 Ahmed Salem, 2 Mancheol Suh 3 1 National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG), Cairo, Egypt. 2 Authority of Nuclear Materials, Cairo, Egypt. 3 Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences, Kongju National University, Kongju. Egyptologists have suggested there might be a hidden extension of the Karnak Temple, located in the Luxor governorate of Egypt. They believe that the temple contains some buried sec- tions on its northern and eastern sides. During January and September 2002, ground-penetrat- ing radar (GPR) and magnetic surveys were carried out on an 80  40 m area near the eastern gate. The GPR data did not give a clear picture of some of the buried features. A clearer iden- tification of the hidden features was accomplished by interpretation of the magnetic data using the analytic signal approach. Our study has revealed the presence of coffin- and tomblike structures built of mud bricks. Limestone blocks were also detected, which may be attributa- ble to destroyed pillars or statues. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. INTRODUCTION Geophysical techniques have made a significant contribution to archaeology (David, 1994). These nondestructive techniques are now widely used because they reduce the need for traditional excavation. Several geophysical tools can be used together or separately to outline archaeological structures (David, 1995). Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic methods are two such tools that have been used to delin- eate archaeological features (Hounslow and Chroston, 2002; Abdallatif et al., 2003). Ground-penetrating radar has been used for cavity and ore detection (Fullagar and Livleybrooks, 1994) and to map the location of buried structures under churches (Leucci, 2002). Also, GPR radar is widely applied in archaeological prospection (Conyers and Goodman, 1997). Magnetic methods have been used for exploration at archaeological sites around the world to detect such features as buried walls and structures, kilns, bricks, roof tiles, fire pits, buried pathways, tombs, buried entrances, monuments, and inhabited sites. Most of these objects are detected because they are more magnetic than the surround- Geoarchaeology: An International Journal, Vol. 20, No. 5, 537–554 (2005) © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI:10.1002/gea.20062 *Corresponding author; tareqfaa02@yahoo.com.