Baku, Azerbaijan IV International Conference “Problems of Cybernetics and Informatics” (PCI'2012), September 12-14, 2012 www.pci2012.science.az/1/13.pdf 46 About Scientific and Technological Problems of the reconstruction of AzScienceNet Network based on Cloud-Oriented Architecture Rashid Alakbarov 1 , Mammad Hashimov 2 1,2 Institute of Information Technology of ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan 1 rashid@iit.ab.az, 2 mhashimov@iit.ab.az Abstract— The paper investigates establishment principles of distributed computing systems based on cloud computing technologies and some scientific and technological problems of computing clouds development in AzScienceNet network and their solution ways. Keywords— cloud computing; memory and computing resources; computing services; hybrid cloud computing; distributed systems I. INTRODUCTION At present, computing power of personal computers is not enough for the solution of complex issues requiring large computing and memory resources, which arise from the modeling physical-chemical processes in different fields of science, nuclear reactions, the global atmospheric processes, economic development in a real-time, in Cryptography, Geology, in the development of new medicines and etc. Supercomputers that have a high computational productivity and large memory are widely used in the solution of above-mentioned issues [1]. Supercomputers - which is a strategic product, are very expensive, thus, many countries cannot affort themselves to get and use them in scientific and technical researches. However, these states demand for large computing resources. On the other hand, computing and memory resources of hundred millions of computers connected to the network are not used properly. Conducted researches show that only 25-30% of personal computer capacity and 70- 80% of data mining center resources are used. In this case, the remaining unused computing and memory resources of personal computers and data mining centers can be used to solve complex issues. II. ANALYSIS AND SERVICE FIELDS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS BASED ON CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY Cloud computing technologies are widely used for the development of distributed computing systems to solve complex issues basing on computer networks. These types of systems with large computing and memory resources are developed on the basis of the computer networks with a high-speed communication channel. Using high-speed communication channels and benefiting from Cloud Computing system services is more economically advantageous for the users of different organizations and enterprises. Thus, Cloud Computing is a computing system which services to data processing and storage of the users by implementing clustering and virtualization of computing and memory resources of multiple computers (servers, computers, data center, etc.) locating in large organizations with the help of communication technologies [2]. Cloud Computing technology enables the users to get powerful computing and large memory resources, and at the same time the user is not interested where these resources are located and installed. 3 types of Cloud Computing system are distinguished for its assignment (Figure 1) [3,4]: • Public clouds; • Private clouds; • Hybrid clouds. Figure 1. Cloud Computing System Architecture Public clouds - any user and company may subscribe to these clouds. It offers problem solution which are impossible to be solved in other computing systems and Public clouds bridge Hybrid clouds Private clouds