The Construction of British
‘Asian’ Criminality
COLIN WEBSTER
School of Social Sciences, University of Teesside, U.K.
Introduction
This paper extrapolates from a 6-year study of delinquency and victim-
ization among Pakistani, Bangladeshi and white young people in the North
of England. The study involved a three-stage research strategy. First, a
4-year quasi-longitudinal study of 70 victims and perpetrators of racial
violence and offending. Second, a self-report crime survey of 412 13–19
year-old Asian and white young people, 7% of the age group living in the
area. Third, an in-depth follow-up study of 65 young people.
The essential argument is that over the period studied, from 1988 to
1995, we can observe the construction of a popular and public discourse
about young ‘Asian’ masculine criminality said to reside in certain British
localities. An important source of this build-up of a public discourse about
Asian criminality can be found in national and local press and television
reports and representations which have focused on areas having significant
Asian minority populations [1]. The characteristic feature of this discourse
was the way in which ‘Asian’ young men were reassigned a ‘subject
position’ (Keith 1995a), from being categorized as primarily law-abiding
and/ or victims of crime, especially racial violence, to being associated with
criminality, drugs, violence and disorder, and that the roots of this alleged
criminality lay in generational tensions brought by the breakdown of Asian
family controls on young people. Further, that the sources of these
racializing and criminalizing [2] discourses are found not only in the
control culture — by which I mean the media, the police and the criminal
justice system — but also among white and Asian young people on the
street and among certain sections of the Asian parent culture. Within the
discourse itself, we need to disentangle the various represen tation s of ‘Asian’
criminality and their sources, from local and national media to police and
parent cultures [3]. Although this theme runs throughout the paper, some
connected supplementary arguments will be used, the most important of
International Journal of the Sociology of Law 1997, 25, 65–86
0194–6595/ 97/ 010065 + 22 $25.00/ 0/ sl960034 © 1997 Academic Press Limited