ELSEVIER Physica C 341 348 (2000) 793-794
PHYSICA
www.elsevier.nl/Iocale/physc
Suppression of the metal to semiconductor transition in bismuth cobaltates:
Can cobaltates superconduct ?
*S. M. Loureiro ~, D. P. Young ~, R. Jinb, Y. Liub, P. Bordet c, Y. Qind, H. Zandbergena, M. Godinho", M.
Nfifiez-Regueiro f, B. Batloggg and R. J. Cava ~
"Department of Chemistry and Materials Institute, Princeton University. Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
bDepartment of Physics. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, P,4 16802, USA
CLaboratoire de Cristallographie, CNRS. BP 166,38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
aDelft University of Technology, Laboratory for Material Science, 2628 ,4l Delft, The Netherlands
eDepartamento de Fisica. FCUL, Ed. CI, Campo Grande, 1700 Lisboa, Portugal
fCRTBT, BPI 66, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
ZBell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA
Single crystals of Bi2M~Co2Oy phases with M=Ca, Sr, and Ba were synthesized by the flux method. These compounds are
analogous to Bi-2212 superconducting systems with cobalt replacing copper. Due to its strong chemical and structural similarity
with the Bi-2212 superconductors, this system provides a unique opportunity for determining which electronic features are
essential for superconductivity in the cuprates. The undoped Ca- and St-analogues are semiconducting while the Ba-analogue
has a metal to semiconductor transition at -80K. In order to change the carrier concentration ofthes¢ phases, new Pb-substituted
single crystals were prepared by a similar method. Resistivity measurements have shown that Pb-doping induces a clear increase
in the metallic character of the samples for the Sr- and Ba-analogues. The metal to semiconductor transition in Bi2Ba3Co2Oycan
be completely suppressed by Pb-doping, and (Bi,PbhBa3Co2Oy is metallic down to 30inK. The magnetic susceptibility data did
not show any evidence of ordering, and the magnetic moment/Co atom was found to be =Ip.B. Resistivity measurements carried
out up to 20 GPa have shown that the samples become more semiconducting with the increase of pressure.
1. Introduction
In order to investigate whether
superconductivity can occur in other non-copper
based compounds having half-filled eg level d-
bands, we have studied compounds of the
Bi2M3Co2Oy type. They are analogous to the
cuprate superconductor BieSreCaCu2Oy with
(Bi202) layers separated by alternating rock-salt
(MO) layers (M, being an alkali-earth cation) and
(C002) planes. The Bi202 double layers act as a
charge reservoir in the Bi-2212 superconducting
cuprates. The main difference between these
compounds resides in the fact that (C002) planes
now replace the (CuO2) planes.
The bismuth cobaltates present a unique
opportunity for comparing local environments of
transition metal oxide planes in layered cobalt and
copper oxides and may provide some insight as to
why cuprates superconduct.
2. Results and Discussion
The normal-state resistance data for St- and Ba-
analogues show clear increases of metallic
character with increasing ionic radius of the
alkali-earth cation, in agreement with results
reported by Tarascon et al. t Undoped, these
compounds were either semiconducting (Ca and
Sr) or displayed a metal to semiconductor
transition near 80K (Ba). Pb-substitution in the Sr-
and Ba-analogues induces a clear change in the
transport properties. The Sr-analogue becomes
metallic down to 80K [SrPbl/3]. Increasing Pb-
substitution levels shift the transition further
down, to 30K. For Ba, the effect is even more
dramatic: sample BaPbl/3 becomes metallic down
to 7K while the heavily doped sample BaPbl/1 is
metallic down to 30inK (Fig. 1).
"Corresponding Author
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