Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol.4, No.9
Publication Date: May. 25, 2017
DoI:10.14738/assrj.49.3156.
Liner, L., & Fiebert, M. S. (2017). Facebook Profile Pictures: Gender Differences in Frequency and Type of Profile Pictures Posted
within One-Year Period Among Older Adults. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 4(9) 101-
Copyright © Society for Science and Education, United Kingdom 101
Facebook Profile Pictures: Gender Differences in Frequency and
Type of Profile Pictures Posted within One-Year Period Among
Older Adults
Laura Liner
Department of Psychology, California State University
Martin S. Fiebert
Department of Psychology, California State University
ABSTRACT
This study examines gender differences in frequency and type of profile pictures
posted on Facebook within a twelve-month period among adults aged fifty and over.
This study continues research on a sample of subjects whose mean age was 22.57,
conducted by the Facebook Research Group (FBRG) at California State University, Long
Beach (CSULB) (Fiebert, Castaneda, Pham, McGivern, Caudillo, & Warren, 2017). The
method of data collection and analysis closely replicates that of the previous study.
Profile pictures were categorized into four groups: 1) self in close-up; 2) self in long
shot; 3) self with group; 4) other. In congruence with the previous study the current
work found that women changed their profile pictures significantly more frequently
than men. In contrast to results of the previous study, the current one found that the
most commonly profile picture for both genders is self with group while the least
common profile picture for both genders is self in long shot.
Keywords: Profile Pictures, Facebook Research, Gender, Late Adulthood
INTRODUCTION
Facebook continues to be the most popular social media website with an average of 1.23 billion
people across the globe (Facebook, 2016) actively using it daily. Seventy-two per cent of adults
aged 50 to 64 and 62% of adults 65 and over use Facebook, (Greenwood, Perrin, & Duggan,
2016). People use Facebook for many reasons: to connect with family, friends, and others; for
entertainment, business, and news. Facebook photos are one way for individuals to
communicate with other users. Photos have been shown to be a component of impression
management and self-presentation (Siibak, 2009).
A study of photo-related behavior on FB found that users post photos differently based on their
personality (Eftekhar, Fullwood, & Morris, 2014). Extroverted users tend generally to post
more photos, including profile pictures. Their Facebook profiles are also more likely than
introverted users to represent their offline self (Seidman, 2013). Choosing a profile picture
that differs from a person’s actual physical appearance implies that there is a discrepancy
between their real self and their virtual self (Suh, 2013). Neuroticism was also correlated with
posting significantly more photos in general and specifically more photos of themselves
(Eftekhaur et al., 2014). This behavior may be motivated by a desire to belong, to combat
loneliness, or to gain popularity. Individuals who rate high on openness have a tendency to
replace their profile pictures frequently, possibly because they are more likely to engage in a
variety of activities that they document through Facebook photos (Gosling, Augustine, Vazire,
Holtzman, & Gaddis, 2011).