Saudi Arabian License Plate Recognition System
Muhammad Sarfraz, Mohammed Jameel Ahmed, and Syed A. Ghazi
Department of Information and Computer Science,
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals,
Dhahran – 31261, Saudi Arabia.
{sarfraz, jameel21, aghazi}@ ccse.kfupm.edu.sa
Abstract
A License Plate Recognition (LPR) System is one kind
of Intelligent Transport systems and is of considerable
interest because of its potential applications to areas such
as highway electronic toll collection, Traffic Monitoring
System and so on. This paper proposes an automatic
license plate recognition system for Saudi Arabian license
plates. The system captures the images of the vehicles
with a digital camera. An algorithm for the extraction of
license plate has been designed and an algorithm for
segmentation of characters is proposed. The performance
of the system has been investigated on real images of
about 610 vehicles captured under various illumination
conditions. Recognition of about 95% shows that the
system is quite effective.
1. Introduction
Vehicle license plate recognition is one form of
automatic vehicle identification system. Real time LPR
plays a major role in automatic monitoring of traffic rules
and maintaining law enforcement on public roads. This
area is challenging because it requires an integration of
many computer vision problem solvers, which include
object detection and character recognition [5]. The
automatic identification of vehicles by the contents of
their license plates is important in private transport
applications. There are many applications of such
recognition systems, some of them are border crossing
control, automatic parking attendant, speed limit
enforcement, security, and customer identification
enabling personalized services [1].
There are multiple commercial license plate
recognition systems available in the current literature
[12]. Applications such as SeeCar, Perceptics, and
Pearpoint are commercially available and some of the
research projects include Esprit 5184 Locomotive [10],
software architecture thru DLL’s [1].
The steps involved in recognition of a license plate
are Image acquisition, License plate extraction,
Segmentation, and Recognition. Image acquisition is the
first step in an LPR system. The current literature
discusses different image acquisition methods. Naito et.
al. [8] developed a sensing system, which uses two CCDs
(Charge Coupled Devices) and a prism to split an incident
ray into two lights with different intensities. Salgado et.
al. [10] used a sensor subsystem having a high resolution
CCD camera supplemented with a number of new digital
operation capabilities. The proposed system uses a high
resolution digital camera for image acquisition.
License plate extraction is the key step in a LPR
system, which influences the accuracy of the system
significantly. Different approaches for the extraction of
the license plate depending upon the back ground color of
the image are presented in [13]. Hontani et. al. [4]
proposed a method for extracting characters without prior
knowledge of their position and size in the image. Kim et.
al. [5] used two neural network-based filters and a post
processor to combine two filtered images in order to
locate the license plates. Park et. al. [9] devised a method
to extract Korean license plate depending on the color of
the plate. The proposed approach uses matching of
vertical edges. This approach involves three steps,
vertical edge detection, filtering and vertical edge
matching.
In the Segmentation phase, individual characters are
isolated from the license plate. Various approaches have
been proposed in the literature. Nieuwoudt et. al. [7] used
region growing for segmentation of characters. Morel et.
al. [6] used partial differential equations (PDE) based
technique for image segmentation. The proposed
approach for segmentation is based on vertical projections
on the extracted license plate and then counting the
number of black pixels in each column.
Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Geometric Modeling and Graphics (GMAG’03)
0-7695-1985-7/03 $17.00 © 2003 IEEE