NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: A POTENTIAL NEW MEAN OF ASSESSING
MULTICOMPONENT POLYHERBAL FORMULATION ON WAY BEFORE AND AFTER
EXTRACTION
Original Article
JAYANTA KUMAR MAJI
PhD Scholar (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), I.P.G.T & R.A. Gujarat Ayurveda University
Email: jkmaji67@gmail.com
Received: 15 Feb 2017 Revised and Accepted: 20 Mar 2017
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish a real-time sustainable identification system of polyherbal powder and extract in favor of near-infrared-spectroscopy (NIR)
on applying the chemometrics technique principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based the fundamental
attribution of integrity (similarities) and fuzziness (differences).
Methods: The authenticated individual, polyherbal pulverized powders and the soxhleted dry extracts containing heart-leaved moonseed, Indian
Kino, Indian Liac, Ram’s horn, Fenugreek, blackberry were sifted through eighty meshes. The samples were subjected to NIR spectral detection from
750 to 2500 nm at the interval of 1 nm. The multivariate data were analyzed with the help of the Unscrambler and Matlab software. The powder
microscopy of polyherbal powder for identification was carried out by following routine procedure.
Results: Original NIR spectra of polyherbal medicament powder and extract showed characteristic hydroxyl hump peaking at about 2200 nm by the
naked eye. Two classes remedy discriminated through the first order derivative transformation and natural grouping by PCA, HCA in context
relative intensity of the NIR sensitive registered generic CH, OH and NH functional groups.
Conclusion: Chemometric method PCA and HCA is established as a reference library which significantly influences real-time quality monitoring of
uncontrolled natural variation plant kingdom. NIR analysis is useful because a sample may be rapidly tested without destroying its integrity.
Keywords: Chemometrics, Multivariate, PCA, Polyherbal, Discrimination
© 2017 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i5.17791
INTRODUCTION
This is a part of a long-term research effort aimed at establishing a
sustainable identification system in unavoidable cultivated and wild
harvesting raw materials of plant origin in India. This paper presents a
detailed study on the multivariate fingerprinting comparison of both
herbal powders and extracts in favor of nondestructive method i.e.
near infrared spectroscopy. The objective of the study was to
determine diffused reflectance on the electromagnetic spectrum
ranging from 700-2500 nm (12821-4000 cm-
1
The upcoming trend, NIR spectroscopy has got wide acceptance within
the pharmaceutical industry for raw material testing, intermediate
product, finished product quality control and process monitoring [1,
2]. The major advantages of NIR spectroscopy is due to a direct result
other than any analytical technique. The NIR region is unique due to
forbidden transition, highly transmitting window to radiation compare
to allowed transition responsible neighbouring region such as UV, VIS,
mid-IR. Many bands arising from overtone and combination mode
overlap each other, due to fermi resonance appear in the region. The
radiation can penetrate into powder materials like herbal powder, dry
extract and the diffusely reflected or transmitted radiation will
provide a vast amount of spectral information about the sample [3].
Unfortunately, the overlap of these overtone and combination bands
strongly decreases the specificity of NIR spectroscopy which was the
main reasons to neglect for using conservative spectroscopists such
a long time. But the availability of chemometric evaluation procedures
for qualitative discrimination and quantitative determination is new
opportunity to overcome data evaluation.
) of authenticated
herbal and polyherbal samples; analyze highly absorbing functional
group (alkyl, phenyls, amines, thiols, hydroxyls, acids, esters etc.) in
favor of dried pulverized fine particles and plant extracts of respective
contents, which are stem of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd), seed of
Syzigium cumini (Skeels), heartwood of Pterocarpus mersupium R, Leaf
of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, seed of Trigonella foenum-graecum L, leaf
of Marsdenia sylvestre R. Br; determine distinguishing character to
compute principal component analysis after preprocessing of the raw
diffuse reflection data using mathematical transformation; establish
library which significantly influence real-time quality monitoring and
discuss easy unambiguous identifying tool to qualify products from
uncontrolled natural variation plant kingdom.
On the other way, the natural product has complex matrices that may
contribute to their benefit of use. It also fulfils all the regulatory demands
as any other “ chemically ’’ raw materials and finished product materials
21 CFR 11 guidelines, food and pharma GMP guidelines, USP chapter
1119 [4]. With NIR spectroscopy, the pharmaceutical industry will move
one step closer to “Zero defect” quality control. Here the spectra taken
from a sample are representative of the sample as a whole. Since the
drug is used as a whole there is no need for extensive sample
preparation. NIR analysis is useful because a sample may be rapidly
tested without destroying its integrity. Rubinovitz studied a variety of
botanicals including chickweed, echinacea, golden seal, echinea root,
goldenseal herb, golden seal root, horsetail and St. John’s wort. The
clustering algorithm permitted the reliable use of subtle differences in
the powder spectra to identify each type of powder and to accurately
distinguish it from other powders [5]. Applying multivariate
chemometric cluster analysis easily separated materials of raw burdock
root powder and concentrated burdock root extract [6]. Basic
information exists in literature that indicates the frequencies
(Wavelength) of bond absorption occurring for the generic functional
group as well as those functionalities most important to the NIR analyst.
In the light of the above background, the present study was designed and
undertaken to discriminate the individual ‘drug’ both power and ‘extract’
form along with polyherbal formulation in favor of multivariate
discrimination chemometric analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plant materials and chemicals
Leaves of Meshashringi (Marsedenia sylvestre (Retz.) P. I. Forst;
Asclepiadaceous) and Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Meliaceae),
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 9, Issue 5, 2017