IJSRSET162322 | Received : 30 March 2017 | Accepted : 09 April 2017 | March-April-2017 [(3)2: 137-141]
© 2017 IJSRSET | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | Print ISSN: 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099
Themed Section: Engineering and Technology
1
Weight Optimization and Finite Element Analysis of
Pressure Vessel Due to Thickness
Rashmi S. Gaikwad, Mohammed Abdul Junaid, V. Sai Krishna, T. Keerthi Kumar
Mechanical Department, Lords Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Finite Element Method’ is a mathematical technique used to carry out the stress analysis. In this method the solid
model of the component is subdivided into smaller elements. Constraints and loads are applied to the model at
specified locations. Various properties are assigned to the A pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold
gases or liquids at a pressure different from the ambient pressure. The end caps fitted to the cylindrical body are
called heads. The aim of this paper to carry out detailed design & analysis of Pressure vessel used in boiler for
optimum thickness, temperature distribution and dynamic behavior using Finite element analysis software. Model
like material, thickness, etc. The model is then analyzed in FE solver. The results are plotted in the post processor.
Paper involves design of a cylindrical pressure vessel to sustain 5 bar pressure and determine the wall thickness
required for the vessel to limit the maximum shear stress. Geometrical and finite element model of Pressure vessel is
created using CAD CAE tools. Geometrical model is created on CATIA V5R19 and finite element modeling is done
using hyper mesh. ANSYS is used as a solver. Weight optimization of pressure vessel due to thickness using FEA.
Keywords: Pressure Vessel Due, Finite Element Analysis, CATIA V5R19, FEA, PED, ASME, AS1210
I. INTRODUCTION
A. General Information
A pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold
gases or liquids at a pressure different from the ambient
pressure. The end caps fitted to the cylindrical body are
called heads. Pressure vessels are used in a variety of
applications. These include the industry and the private
sector. They appear in these sectors respectively as
industrial compressed air receivers and domestic hot
water storage tanks, other examples of pressure vessels
are: diving cylinder, recompression chamber, distillation
towers, autoclaves and many other vessels in mining or
oil refineries and petrochemical plants, nuclear reactor
vessel, habitat of a space ship, habitat of a submarine,
pneumatic reservoir, hydraulic reservoir under pressure,
rail vehicle airbrake reservoir, road vehicle airbrake
reservoir and storage vessels for liquefied gases such as
ammonia, chlorine, propane, butane and LPG.
A vessel that is inadequately designed to handle a high
pressure constitutes a very significant safety hazard.
Because of that, the design and certification of pressure
vessels is governed by design codes such as the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in North America, the
Pressure Equipment Directive of the EU (PED),
Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), CSA B51 in Canada,
AS1210 in Australia and other international standards
like Lloyd's, Germanischer Lloyd, Det Norske Veritas,
Stoomwezen etc.
Pressure vessels can theoretically be almost any shape,
but shapes made of sections of spheres, cylinders and
cones are usually employed. More complicated shapes
have historically been much harder to analyze for safe
operation and are usually far harder to construct.
Theoretically a sphere would be the optimal shape of a
pressure vessel. Unfortunately the sphere shape is
difficult to manufacture, therefore more expensive, so
most of the pressure vessels are cylindrical shape with
2:1 semi elliptical heads or end caps on each end.
Smaller pressure vessels are arranged from a pipe and
two covers. Disadvantage of these vessels is the fact that
larger diameters make them relatively more expensive,
so that for example the most economic shape of a 1,000
liters (35 cu ft.), 250 bars (3,600 psi) pressure vessel
might be a diameter of 914.4 millimetres (36 in) and a