ScienceDirect IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-3 (2015) 972–976 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com 2405-8963 © 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Peer review under responsibility of International Federation of Automatic Control. 10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.06.209 © 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: risk management, transition, energy efficiency, renewable energy, production, sustainability. 1. INTRODUCTION The energy transition get more noticed due to the increasing concerns about the future availability of energy based on fossil fuels and the impact of its usage on the environment (FOUQUET, 2010). The increase of oil and gas reserves are conditioning to exploitation in increasingly difficult areas (unconventional sources and pre-salt). Further, the exploitation of these resources are more expensive, has higher emissions of greenhouse gases, and is more dangerous for the environment compared with conventional sources (FARRELL & BRANDT, 2006, GREENE et al., 2006, MOHR & EVANS, 2010). Therefore, there are growing calls for fossil fuels being replaced by alternative sources of energy that are cleaner and renewable. The uncertainties involve in an implementation of a project, are systemic taken in risk management actions. Measure such data is important to ensure that the project objectives are achieved, especially those related to: time, cost and quality. The drive on risk management can be applied to all aspects of business and all areas of activity (WIDEMAN, 1992). Thus, it is essential to analyze the risks associated with managing the supply chain, by viability studies of projects for energy transition, and then be analyzed the possible paths towards sustainability. The production costs of clean and renewable energies are still high and the profitability margins of this market is small, generally. In the other hand, the demand for oil production is increasing, either through unconventional sources or reactivation of mature fields, which are considered economically marginal. How to seek sustainability in a planned manner, meeting the needs of consumption, and respecting the environment? The objective of this study is to analyze the energy transition, and how this consumer demand is in favor of reactivation of inactive areas producing oil, considering the sustainability reports, and also reports from large companies in the sector who are making studies in the transition area. The reality of Brazil will be the basis for discussion of this last point. There, will be discussed the main risks associated with supply chain in energy transition projects. Lastly, the points that need consideration in this topic will be presented. 2. TRANSITION ENERGY The interest on the energy transition topic has grown significantly in recent years due to increasing preoccupation about the impact of the production and use of energy from fossil fuels to the environment (AHMAD et al, 2014). Abstract: The energy transition and reactivation of mature oil fields may even being seem as bipolar topics, within the theme of energy. However, regarding to the sustainability, these topics can be analyzed in parallel to the approach to the inherent risks involved in the supply chain, associated with energy transition. This study talks about the energy transition, connecting the risks associated with its implementation (focusing on supply chain) and discusses how adversely the promotion and reactivation of inactive areas are affecting or contributing to advances in sustainability discussions. Studies out of international agencies reports of energy and sustainability were made, also from organizational reports applied to the energy transition, and scenery analysis of the reactivation of producing oil fields, considered economically marginal. RISKS ASSOCIATED TO THE ENERGY TRANSITION, AND THE REACTIVATION OF MATURE OIL FIELDS. Eduardo Oliveira Teles*, Denise Mangabeira Grassi**, Ednildo Andrade Torres*** and Francisco Gaudêncio M. Freires**** * Postgraduate Program in Industrial Engineering – PEI, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil and Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia(IFBA-Camaçari), Camaçari, Brazil (Phone: 55(71)9253-1654; e- mail:eoteles@gmail.com ) ** Graduate student Production Engineering from the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil (Phone: 55(71) 9962-2155; e-mail: dgrassieng@gmail.com) *** Postgraduate Program in Industrial Engineering – PEI, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil (Phone: 55(71) 3283.980; e-mail: ednildotorres@gmail.com) **** Postgraduate Program in Industrial Engineering - PEI, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil (Phone: 55(71)91067494; e-mail: gaudenciof@yahoo.com).