Hydrometallurgy, 16 (1986) 153--165 153
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam --Printed in The Netherlands
RECOVERY OF COBALT, NICKEL AND COPPER FROM CONVERTER
SLAG THROUGH ROASTING WITH AMMONIUM SULPHATE AND
SULPHURIC ACID
L.B. SUKLA, S.C. PANDA and P.K. JENA
Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa (India)
(Received May 23, 1985; accepted in revised form January 10, 1986)
ABSTRACT
Sukla, L.B., Panda, S.C. and Jena, P.K., 1986. Recovery of cobalt, nickel and copper
from converter slag through roasting with ammonium sulphate and sulphuric acid.
Hydrometallurgy, 16: 153--165.
Roasting of copper converter slag containing 4.03% copper, 1.98% nickel and 0.48%
cobalt with ammonium sulphate open to atmosphere has been carried out in order to
achieve sulphation of copper, nickel and cobalt followed by leaching of the metal values
as soluble sulphates with water. The effect of parameters such as temperature (200--
600°C), time (15--120 min), and amount of ammonium sulphate (0.5--2.5 times stoichio-
metric) has been studied. Under atmospheric conditions, using 2.5 times the stoichio-
metric requirement of ammonium sulphate, the recovery of copper, nickel and cobalt
was found to be 85%, 81% and 85%, respectively. Similar studies were carried out with
sulphuric acid. The influence of experimental variables such as the amount of sulphuric
acid (0.25--2 times stoichiometric), roasting temperature (100--300°C) and time (15--
120 min) has been studied. Under optimum conditions, i.e., at 150°C and a roasting time
of 60 min with the stoichiometric amount of sulphuric acid, recoveries of copper, nickel
and cobalt were 95, 90 and 99%, respectively, along with a contamination of 60--80%
iron. Removal of most of the iron from the leach liquors has been effected with ammonia
liquor and lime as precipitants. A two-stage roasting operation using sulphuric acid, first
at 150°C and then at 650°C, has resulted in bringing the iron content down to about 3%
in the sulphation product without much affecting the recovery of other metal values.
INTRODUCTION
Annually about 18,000 tonnes of copper converter slag are produced from
copper smelters at Ghatsila, Bihar, India. The slags are being treated to
recover most of the copper and a portion of the nickel but no cobalt. Vari-
ous studies on leaching this slag have been carried out at this laboratory
using ferric chloride with or without prior reduction [1--3] and sulphuric
acid with or without pressure [4,5]. In an earlier study [6], the effectiveness
of ammonium sulphate as sulphating agent for copper, zinc and lead in
complex sulphides was studied by the authors and it was found to be very
good and selective. In this paper ammonium sulphate roasting of the con-
0304-386X/86/$03.50 © 1986 ElsevierScience Publishers B.V.