Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan Vol. 14 No.1, 2017 : 19-37 ISSN 1979-6013 e-ISSN 2502-4221 Terakreditasi No. 687/AU3/P2MI-LIPI/07/2015 DAMPAK IMPLEMENTASI SERTIFIKASI VERIFIKASI LEGALITAS KAYU TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN INDUSTRI KAYU DAN HUTAN RAKYAT (Impacts of Timber Legality Veriication System Implementation on the Sustainability of Timber Industry and Private Forest) Elvida Yosei Suryandari, Deden Djaenudin, Satria Astana dan Iis Alviya Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial, Eknomi, Kebijakan dan Perubahan Iklim Jalan Gunung Batu No.5, Bogor 16118, Indonesia Email: elvida_ys@yahoo.com; dendja07@yahoo.com.au; astanasatria@yahoo.com; iis_alviya@yahoo.com Diterima 30 Mei 2016, direvisi 22 Maret 2017, disetujui 5 April 2017 ABSTRACT International market requires producers to proof the legality of their wood products to address the issues of illegal logging and illegal trade. Timber Legality Veriication System (TLVS) has been prepared by the Government of Indonesia that covering the upstream and downstream wood industries. This paper aims to evaluate gaps in the implementation of TLVS policy and its impact on the sustainability of timber industry. This study was using gap, descriptive and costs-structure analyzes. The study was conducted in three provinces, namely: DKI Jakarta, West Java and D.I. Yogyakarta. Research found that the effectiveness of the TLVS implementation was low due to relatively rapid policy changes. This situation became disincetive for investments in timber business. Private sector perceived that TLVS policy should be applied in the upstream of timber business. Hence, the industry and market in the downstream have not been fully support to this system. Furthermore, TLVS policy implementation was considered ineffective by timber industry as well as private forest managers, especially by micro industry and smallholder private forests. This situation threatened the sustainability of timber industry and private forests. Therefore, Institutions should be strengthened in order to improve the quality of human resources and the competitiveness of products. Keywords: Policy impact of TLVS; costs-structure; micro scale industry; private forest. ABSTRAK Isu illegal logging dan illegal trading di perdagangan kayu mengakibatkan pasar internasional menuntut bukti legalitas kayu dari produsen. Sistem Veriikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) disiapkan pemerintah secara mengikat di industri kayu mulai dari hulu sampai hilir. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gap implementasi kebijakan SVLK dan dampaknya terhadap keberlanjutan usaha industri kayu. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis gap, deskriptif dan struktur biaya. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga provisi: DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat dan DI Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat implementasi SVLK dipandang rendah karena perubahan kebijakan SVLK yang relatif cepat. Bagi dunia usaha kondisi ini merupakan disinsetif bagi iklim investasi. Persepsi pelaku usaha bahwa kebijakan SVLK lebih ditujukan untuk produk dan kegiatan di hulu sehingga kebijakan terkait hilir (industri dan pasar) belum sepenuhnya mendukung. Implementasi kebijakan SVLK dinilai tidak efektif oleh industri kayu dan hutan rakyat. Pihak yang paling besar merasakan dampak negatif SVLK adalah industri mikro dan petani hutan rakyat. Kondisi ini mengancam keberlanjutan industri kayu dan hutan rakyat. Perlu penguatan kelembagaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia dan daya saing produk. Kata kunci: Dampak kebijakan SVLK; struktur biaya; industri mikro; hutan rakyat. ©2017 JPSE All rights reserved. Open access under CC BY-NC-SA license. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jpse.2017.14.1.19-37 19