Volume 20 • Issue 1 • 1000e108 J Psychiatry, an open access journal ISSN: 2378-5756 Open Access Wang and Zhang, J Psychiatry 2017, 20:1 DOI: 10.4172/2378-5756.1000e108 Editorial OMICS International Journal of Psychiatry J o u r n a l o f P s y c h i a t r y ISSN: 2378-5756 *Corresponding author: Wei Wang, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China, Tel: +86-571-88208188; E-mail: drwangwei@zju.edu.cn Received January 16, 2017; Accepted January 26, 2017; Published January 30, 2017 Citation: Wang W, Zhang B (2017) Further Progress in the Etiopathology of Depressive Disorder. J Psychiatry 20: e108 doi:10.4172/2378-5756.1000e108 Copyright: © 2017 Wang W, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Further Progress in the Etiopathology of Depressive Disorder Wei Wang* and Bingren Zhang Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China Editorial Depression, as one of the mental disorders, is the most diicult one to diagnose and to manage. he disorder affects more than 350 million people worldwide [1]. Patients with depression might manifest differently in memory, attention and behavior in different disease stages, and medical history and the growing endemic condition might be inluencing factors for the etiopathology of the disorder. In order to explore the features of remitted depressed patients in the attentional bias towards facial expression of Happiness and Sadness, Li et al. used the eye-tracking technique to collect the eye-movement data of facial expression reactions of the remitted depressed patients and healthy volunteers. hey found that the remitted depressed group showed an attentional bias tendency towards Happiness, suggesting that their initiative efforts to form a "protective bias" to relieve depressive symptoms [2]. Using a modiied Sternberg working memory paradigm, accompanying affective pictures with different valences, Li et al. also had conducted another investigation on the capability to experience emotion in 22 patients with irst-onset and untreated major depressive disorder and in 22 healthy volunteers. hey found greater pupil diameter changes towards positive emotions, and better working memory performances on negative emotions in major depressive disorder, comparing to those in the healthy volunteers. hey further recommended the mood-congruent memory effect and anhedonia as the core symptoms of depression, and suggested that anhedonia could be an endophenotypic marker for the disorder [3]. To investigate the clinical predictors of depression in a prison situation, Uche and Princewill had interviewed 400 prisoners in Nigeria, screening with the Beck Depression Inventory and the depression components of WHO SCAN. hey found signiicant clinical factors, including retroviral status and past psychiatric history, with the strongest predictors of depression being the past psychiatry history [4]. Our colleague Hariri from Taif University of Saudi Arabia had explored if clients with vitamin D deiciency have different depression and anxiety levels comparing to those with vitamin D insuiciency, with data from 246 participants of Saudi Arabia, where Vitamin D deiciency is becoming a serious endemic condition. He found that individuals with low vitamin D levels, whether deicient or insuicient, may suffer from depression and anxiety problems [5]. hese excellent researchers have identiied some clinical characteristics of the depression disorder and have enriched the scientiic knowledge about its etiology and pathology. hese indings might provide new hints for the prevention and treatment of the disorder worldwide. References 1. World Health Organization. Depression. Media center. 2. Li M, Lu SF, Feng L, Fu BB, Wang G, Zhong N, Hu B (2016) Attentional bias in remitted depressed patients: Evidence from an eye-tracking study. J Psychiatry 19: 5. 3. Li M, Lu SF, Feng L, Fu BB, Wang G, Zhong N, Hu B (2016) Emotional experience and the mood-congruent working memory effect in irst-onset and untreated depressive disorder patients. J Psychiatry 19: 4. 4. Uche N, Princewill S (2016) Clinical factors as predictors of depression in a Nigerian prison population. J Psychiatry 19: 1. 5. Hariri AA (2016) Vitamin D deiciency and insuficiency and their role in growing levels of depression and anxiety in Saudi Arabia. J Psychiatry 19: 3.