Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Vol.3 No.4 442-450 (2017) 442 ISSN 2349 5359 Thirumalaisamy et al., International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering www.mahendrapublications.com ABSTRACT: The Present study describes about evaluation and assessment of anti-inflammatory mediators in the traditional medicinal plant Crateva adansonii DC. The Methanol and chloroform leaf extracts of Crateva adansonii was assessed for its anti-inflammatory mediators by invitro assay. It was assessed by denaturation assay, proteinase inhibitory activity, membrane stabilization and anti-lipooxygenase activity with different concentrations of leaf extracts. Diclofenac sodium and Indomethacin were used as reference standard. The results showed that Crateva adansonii methanol leaf extract exhibit highest impact of anti-inflammatory mediators compared to that of chloroform leaf extract. KEYWORDS: Crateva adansonii, In vitro, Anti-inflammatory activity, Phytocompounds, Percentage Inhibition © 2015 mahendrapublications.com, All rights reserved *Corresponding Author: tmalaisamy@gmail.com, asmanian68@gmail.com Received: 02.03.2017 Accepted: 14.04.2017 Published on: 27.05.2017 Evaluation and Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Mediators in the Leaf Extracts of Crateva adansonii DC Thirumalaisamy Rathinavel 1, 2* , Subramanian Ammashi 2* , Binitha Jayaseelan 1 , Mathiyazhagan Mani 1 1 Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts & Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal (Dt.) - 637 501, Tamil Nadu, India. 2 Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur (Dt.) - 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India. 1. INTRODUCTION Inflammation is the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli including pathogens, irritants or damaged cells [1]. It is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli as well as initiate the healing process for the tissue. It is characterized by redness, swollen joint that is warm to touch, joint pain, its stiffness and loss of joint function. Inflammation is either acute or chronic. Under specific circumstance, it could turn into a chronic state and subsequently become a causative factor in the pathogenesis. Inflammation is one of the body’s nonspecific internal systems of defense; the response of a tissue to an accidental cut is similar to the response that results from other types of tissue damage, caused by burns due to heat, radiation, bacterial or viral invasion [2]. Inflammation can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is associated with increased vascular permeability, capillary infiltration and emigration of leukocytes. Chronic inflammation is associated with infiltration of mononuclear immune cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, fibroblast activation, proliferation (angiogenesis) and fibrosis. Inflammation is a common clinical conditions and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic debilitating autoimmune disorder [3]. Medicinal plants are believed to be an important source of new chemical substances with potential therapeutic effects. The medicinal plants with alleged folkloric use as anti- inflammatory agents should therefore be viewed as a fruitful and logical research strategy in the search for new anti-inflammatory drugs. Inflammation may be potentially harmful, causing life threatening hypersensitivity reactions and progressive organ damage [4]. Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs are reported to possess prevention of the denaturation of proteins, which act as antigens and leads to auto-immune diseases [5]. In order to overcome the side effects of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it is necessary to develop new agents with more powerful anti-inflammatory activities with fewer side effects [6]. Indigenous medicinal plants are possible sources of novel anti-inflammatory with more tolerable side effects. Crateva adansonii DC also known as Crateva religiosa or sacred garlic pear belongs to family Capparacea. A moderate sized deciduous tree is widely used in traditional medicine in tropical Asia, particularly in India. Various plant parts of Crateva adansonii are used in traditional medicine. The leaves are applied externally to relieve pain in joints; the fresh juice of leaves is used for the relief of ear ache, eye infection and anodyne in toothache. Powder of bark is used in rheumatism, itch, epilepsy, and asthma [7]. The bark is widely used for stomach troubles and roots figure in several treatments for syphyilis, jaundice and yellow fever [8]. A survey of literature indicated that there was no systemic approach has been made to evaluate the anti- inflammatory mediators of Crateva adansonii by invitro method. The present study emerged with a novel finding of anti-inflammatory mediators of Crateva adansonii leaf extracts by in vitro assay. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant Material The fresh leaf of Crateva adansonii was collected from Salem district and authenticated by Botanical Survey of India (BSI), Coimbatore. The leaves were cleaned and shade dried for a week and grounded into a uniform powder using a blender and stored in polythene bags at room temperature for further use.