International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 499 TUNING OF DIGITAL PID CONTROLLER FOR BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL OF DIABETIC PATIENT ------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract – This paper is based on designing of digital Proportional-integral derivative (PID) controller which controls the blood glucose level of diabetic patient. The main objective is to design a digital PID controller using tuning rules like Ziegler-Nichols and Cohen-Coon method. The responses are studied & parameters are compared. Best response given by the PID is converted into Digital PID. Different transformation methods are also studied to convert the conventional PID into the digital PID controller. Key Words: Digital PID controller, Diabetic patients, Blood Glucose, Ziegler-Nichols, Cohen-Coon, MATLAB simulation. 1. INTRODUCTION In present scenario, diabetes affects millions of people all around the world. Because of diabetes most of the people are facing a lots of problem like weakness, hypertension, coronary heart disease, polyneureopathy, kidney problem, increase chances of secondary infection, blindness and so on. Basically diabetes or diabetes mellitus is a systematic disorder characterized by high blood glucose above normal range (normal range is 60mg/dl to 120mg/dl). Diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus is- a)oral glucose tolerance test –more than 200mg/dl b)fast blood glucose level-more than 126mg/dl c)random blood sugar –more than 200mg/dl d)hbA1c-more than 6.8%, it is the best parameter to know about diabetic control[1]. There are two types of diabetes are commonly occur Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes normally occurs to the below 40 years age of people. Diabetes has autoimmune condition and this autoimmune condition generates the antibodies .These antibodies destroys the beta cell so that the insulin is not produce in appropriate amount which body requires. Due to insufficient production of insulin these type of person suffer from type 1 diabetes. Hence we can externally apply the insulin in the form of injection and by using digital proportion-integral derivative (PID) controller [1][3]. Type 2 diabetes generally occurs among people of 40 years above .It occurs due to the insulin receptors down regulation so that resistance of insulin occur, it generally happen in those person having heavy weight as body weight is inversely proportional to the no. of receptors[1]. Gestational diabetes generally occurs in pregnant woman. During pregnancy hyperglycaemia increases so that it affects the offspring (babies). Hyperglycemia is another disease ,it is due to high blood glucose level (above 180 mg/dl) on the other hand Hypoglycemia is opposite to hyperglycemia it occur due to low blood glucose level(less than 60 mg/dl)[2]. Digital PID controller which is used to externally apply insulin in appropriate amount to diabetic patient. Basically this digital PID controller is an automatic device which can work according to the set point which is at normal range of blood glucose level. If diabetic patient has blood glucose level is above or below the set point so that this digital PID controller first sense the blood glucose level, if it is above or below blood glucose level than it automatically controls the blood glucose level in normal range by giving the appropriate amount of external insulin. Rishabh Jain 1 , Shweta Agrawal 2 , Rohit Sharma 3 1 Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRCEM, Gwalior 2 Asst. Professor, Departments of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRCEM, Gwalior 3 Research Scholar, Departments of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRCEM, Gwalior